✅ Answer:

1 عن أبي عبداللَّه قال: إِنَّ أَوْلَادَ الْمُسْلِمِين مَوْسُومُون عِنْداللَّهِ شَافِعٌ وَ مُشَفَّعٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغُوا اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً كُتِبَتْ لَهُمُ الْحَسَنَاتُ فَإِذا بَلَغُوا الْحُلُمَ كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّيِّئَاتُ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 3

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him: The children of Muslims are called intercessors and those whose intercession is accepted by Allah. So when they reach 12 years of age, good deeds are written for them, and when they reach puberty (wet dreams), sins are written for them.

2 عن أبي عبداللَّه قال: إِذَا بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ أَشُدَّهُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً و دَخَلَ الْأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ ما وَجَبَ عَلَى الْمُحْتَلِمِينَ احْتَلَمَ أَمْ لَمْ يَحْتَلِمْ وَ كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْهِ السَّيِّئَاتُ و كُتِبَتْ لَهُ الْحَسَنَاتُ و جَازَ لَهُ كُلُّ شَيْ ءٍ مِنْ مَالِه إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ ضَعِيفاً أَوْ سَفِيهاً

📚 Al-Khisal, p. 495

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him: When a boy reaches the age of maturity and puberty, which is 13 years old and enters his 14th year, what is obligatory upon those who have reached puberty is also obligatory upon him, whether he has had a wet dream or not, and sins are written for him and good deeds are also written for him, and everything regarding his property becomes permissible for him, unless he is weak-minded or foolish.

3 عبداللَّه بن سنان عن أبي عبداللَّه قال: سَأَلَهُ أَبِي و أَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَجُوزُ أَمْرُهُ فَقَالَ حِينَ يَبْلُغُ أَشُدَّهُ قُلْتُ و مَا أَشُدُّهُ قال الِاحْتِلَامُ قُلْتُ قَدْ يَكُونُ الْغُلَامُ ابْنَ ثَمَانِي عَشْرَة سَنَةً لَا يَحْتَلِمُ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ قَالَ إِذَا بَلَغَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً كُتِبَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ و كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّيِّئُ وَ جَازَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُون سَفِيهاً أَوْ ضَعِيفاً

📚 Tafsir al-Ayyashi, Vol. 2, p. 291

Abdullah ibn Sinan said: While I was present, my father asked Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him: From when is the matter of an orphan permissible? He said: When he reaches his 'ashudd' (age of maturity and puberty). I said: What is 'ashudd' and the age of maturity and puberty? He said: The time of wet dreams. I said: Sometimes a boy of 18 or less or more does not have a wet dream! He said: When he reaches 13 years of age, good deeds are written for him and sins are also written for him, and his matter is permissible, unless he is foolish or weak-minded.

4 عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْغُلَامِ مَتَى تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَإِنِ احْتَلَمَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الْقَلَمُ

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 380

Ammar said: I asked Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, about a boy, from what age is prayer obligatory upon him? He said: When 13 years have passed for him (he completes 13 years), then if he had a wet dream before that, prayer has indeed become obligatory upon him and the pen has begun to write for him!

5 عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه قَالَ: حَدُّ بُلُوغِ الْمَرْأَةِ تِسْعُ سِنِينَ

📚 Al-Khisal, p. 421, H. 17

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: The age of puberty for a woman is 9 years!

6 عَنْ عَبْداللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِذَا بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً كُتِبَتْ لَهُ الْحَسَنَةُ وَ كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْهِ السَّيِّئَةُ وَ عُوقِبَ وَ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ فَكَذَلِكَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهَا تَحِيضُ لِتِسْعِ سِنِين

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 9, p. 184

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: When a boy becomes 13 years old, good deeds are written for him and sins are also written for him and he is punished, and it is the same for a girl when she becomes 9 years old, and the reason for that is that a girl menstruates at the age of 9.

7 عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبداللَّه أَنَّهُ قَالَ: عَلَى الصَّبِيِّ إِذَا احْتَلَمَ الصِّيَامُ و عَلَى الْجَارِيَةِ إِذَا حَاضَتِ الصِّيَامُ

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 281

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: When a boy has a wet dream, fasting is obligatory upon him, and when a girl menstruates, fasting is obligatory upon her.

✅ A few points from the above and other narrations:

1 The age of religious responsibility for girls is determined by menstruation and 9 years of age, and if their menstruation is delayed, they are responsible for performing their duties from the time they complete 9 years of age and enter their tenth year.

2 Several limits have been set for the age of religious responsibility for boys, which are:

✅ Wet dreams

✅ The growth of hair on the face and on the private parts, i.e., above the private parts

✅ The completion of 13 years of age and entering the 14th year according to many narrations

Wet dreams and the growth of hair on the face and private parts are two certain signs of reaching puberty. Of course, if they do not occur by the completion of 13 years of age and the beginning of the 14th year, he must begin to perform his duties even if he has not had a wet dream, and if a wet dream or the growth of hair on the private parts and face occurs before this age, he becomes responsible from that time.

3 Although 14 to 15 years of age is also mentioned as the age of puberty in some narrations, most narrations have specified the completion of 13 years of age and entering the 14th year. And the few narrations of 15 years, in addition to being contrary to precaution, are in agreement with the opinion of most Sunnis, because most Sunnis consider 15 years of age to be the age of religious responsibility, and it is strange that some people have abandoned all these narrations of completing 13 years and consider 15 years to be the beginning of religious responsibility!!!

4 The writing of good deeds in narration 1 is mentioned from the time of entering 13 years of age, which is a divine mercy, but sins are written and punished from the completion of the thirteenth year and the beginning of the 14th year.

5 The year used in jurisprudential narrations is the lunar year.

6 Reaching 'ashudd', which is set as the age of puberty in many narrations and is mentioned in the Quran, is interpreted in most narrative commentaries by the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, as the completion of 13 years of age and wet dreams, and it is mentioned that if wet dreams are delayed from this age, the criterion is the completion of 13 years of age and entering the 14th year, and it is interesting that in none of the narrative commentaries is it interpreted as 15 years of age. Therefore, the completion of 13 years of age can be considered in agreement with the Quran, and 15 years is mostly for the implementation of punishments.

7 A very important point is that: Although the age of puberty for girls is set at 9 years and for boys at wet dreams or the growth of hair on the private parts and finally the completion of 13 years of age, in numerous narrations, children are commanded to practice prayer and fasting to get used to it, one of which is mentioned:

7 الْحَلَبِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِیهِ قَالَ: إِنَّا نَأْمُرُ صِبْیَانَنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا کَانُوا بَنِی خَمْسِ سِنِینَ فَمُرُوا صِبْیَانَکُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا کَانُوا بَنِی سَبْعِ سِنِینَ وَ نَحْنُ نَأْمُرُ صِبْیَانَنَا بِالصَّوْمِ إِذَا کَانُوا بَنِی سَبْعِ سِنِینَ بِمَا أَطَاقُوا مِنْ صِیَامِ الْیَوْمِ إِنْ کَانَ إِلَی نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ أَوْ أَکْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِکَ أَوْ أَقَلَّ فَإِذَا غَلَبَهُمُ الْعَطَشُ وَ الْغَرَثُ أَفْطَرُوا حَتَّی یَتَعَوَّدُوا الصَّوْمَ وَ یُطِیقُوهُ فَمُرُوا صِبْیَانَکُمْ إِذَا کَانُوا بَنِی تِسْعِ سِنِینَ بِالصَّوْمِ مَا اسْتَطَاعُوا مِنْ صِیَامِ الْیَوْمِ فَإِذَا غَلَبَهُمُ الْعَطَشُ أَفْطَرُوا.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 124

Imam Baqir, peace be upon him, said: We command our children to pray when they are 5 years old, so you should command your children to pray when they are 7 years old.

And we command our children to fast when they are 7 years old, as much of the day as they can: until midday or less or more, and when thirst and hunger overcome them, they should break their fast until they get used to fasting and become able to endure it. So you should command your children to fast when they are 9 years old, as much of the day as they can, and when thirst overcomes them, they should break their fast.

✅ Regarding the last point, be sure to refer to the following link:

https://feghh14.com/en/478