✅ Answer: Pay attention to the following narrations:

1⃣عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ عِيسَى قَالَ لِلْحَوَارِيِّينَ إِنَّ مُوسَى أَمَرَكُمْ أَنْ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ كَاذِبِينَ وَ أَنَا آمُرُكُمْ أَنْ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ كَاذِبِينَ وَ لَا صَادِقِينَ....

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 542

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: Indeed, Jesus, peace be upon our Prophet and his family and upon him, said to the disciples: Indeed, Moses, peace be upon our Prophet and his family and upon him, commanded you not to swear falsely by Allah, and I command you not to swear by Allah, neither falsely nor truthfully!

2⃣عَنْ أَبِی أَیُّوبَ الْخَرَّازِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْداللَّهِ یَقُولُ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ صَادِقِینَ وَ لَا کَاذِبِینَ فَإِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ یَقُولُ وَ لا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَیْمانِکُمْ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 434

Abu Ayyub Khazzaz says: I heard Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, say: By Allah, neither the truthful nor the liar should swear, for Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, says (in Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 224): 'Do not make Allah an object of your oaths!'

3⃣عَنْ أَبِی سَلَّامٍ الْمُتَعَبِّدِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ یَقُولُ لِسَدِیرٍ یَا سَدِیرُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ کَاذِباً کَفَرَ وَ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ صَادِقاً أَثِمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ یَقُولُ وَ لا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَیْمانِکُمْ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 434

Abu Salam heard Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, say to Sudair: One who swears falsely by Allah has committed disbelief, and one who swears truthfully by Allah has sinned! Indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, says (in Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 224): 'Do not make Allah an object of your oaths!'

4⃣عَنْ یَعْقُوبَ الْأَحْمَرِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَی یَمِینٍ وَ هُوَ یَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ کَاذِبٌ فَقَدْ بَارَزَ اللَّهَ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 435

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: Whoever swears a false oath, knowing it to be false, has surely challenged Allah!

5⃣عَنْ بُرَیْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِیَةَ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّه قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْقَسَامَةِ فَقَالَ الْحُقُوقُ کُلُّهَا الْبَیِّنَةُ عَلَی الْمُدَّعِی وَ الْیَمِینُ عَلَی الْمُدَّعَی عَلَیْهِ إِلَّا فِی الدَّمِ خَاصَّةً الْحَدِیثَ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 361

Buraid says: I asked Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, about qasama (a group swearing to claim something and taking it). The Imam said: For all rights, providing witnesses is upon the claimant, and swearing is upon the one against whom the claim is made, except in the case of murder! (where it is the opposite)

6⃣عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ: إِنِ ادُّعِیَ عَلَیْکَ مَالٌ وَ لَمْ یَکُنْ عَلَیْکَ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ یُحْلِفَکَ فَإِنْ بَلَغَ مِقْدَارَ ثَلَاثِینَ دِرْهَماً فَأَعْطِهِ وَ لَا تَحْلِفْ وَ إِنْ کَانَتْ أَکْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِکَ فَاحْلِفْ وَ لَا تُعْطِهِ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 435

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: If a claim is made against you regarding wealth that is not your responsibility, and they want you to swear, if the amount reaches 30 dirhams, give it to them and do not swear. If it is more than that, swear and do not give them the wealth!

✅ Based on the above narrations and others, swearing falsely is severely condemned, and even swearing truthfully is discouraged.

In matters of rights and judgment, swearing is part of the legal process, has an impact, and various rulings have been specified for it.

✅ However, it is noteworthy that in religious teachings, there is no concept of placing a hand on the Quran while swearing or giving testimony for judgment or other purposes. It is an action that has no effect on the consequences of swearing or testifying.

Thus, the practice in some courts of requiring witnesses or defendants to place their hand on the Quran while swearing or testifying has no basis in hadith, constitutes an innovation (bid’ah), and is consequently considered a sin and disobedience, while having no impact on the consequences of the oath or testimony.

✅ See this as well:

https://t.me/porseshvapasokhe/406

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

https://t.me/porseshvapasokhe