✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنِ نجم بْنِ حَطيمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: مَنْ نَوَى الصَّوْمَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ فَسَأَلَهُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ عِنْدَهُ فَلْيُفْطِرْ فَلْيُدْخِلْ عَلَيْهِ السُّرُورَ فَإِنَّهُ يُحْتَسَبُ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ عَشَرَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَنْ جاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثالِها

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 150

Imam Baqir (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: The one who intends to fast, then enters upon his brother, and his brother asks him to break his fast in his presence, he must break his fast, and as a result, he will bring joy and happiness to him, for that day will be counted as ten days for him, and that is the saying of Allah, the Almighty and Glorious (in Surah Al-An'am, verse 160) where He says: 'Whoever brings a good deed, then for him is ten times its like.'

2 عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَثْعَمِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَنْوِي الصَّوْمَ فَيَلْقَاهُ أَخُوهُ الَّذِي هُوَ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ أَ يُفْطِرُ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ تَطَوُّعاً أَجْزَأَهُ وَ حُسِبَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَضَاءَ فَرِيضَةٍ قَضَاهُ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 122

Khath'ami said: I asked Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) about a person who intends to fast, then a brother of his who is on his path (i.e., Shi'ism) meets him, should he break his fast? He said: If it is a voluntary fast, it is sufficient for him (to break it), and if it is a makeup for an obligatory fast, he must make it up!

3 عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِفْطَارُكَ لِأَخِيكَ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ تَطَوُّعاً.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 150

Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: Your breaking of your voluntary fast for your believing brother is better than your voluntary fast!

4 عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَأَفْطَرَ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَمْ يُعْلِمْهُ بِصَوْمِهِ فَيَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ صَوْمَ سَنَةٍ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 150

Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: The one who enters upon his brother while he is fasting and breaks his fast in his presence and does not inform him of his fast, Allah will write for him a fast of one year!

5 عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مُؤْمِنٍ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَسَأَلَهُ الْأَكْلَ فَلَمْ يُخْبِرْهُ بِصِيَامِهِ لِيَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِ بِإِفْطَارِهِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ صِيَامَ سَنَةٍ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 150

Jamil said: I heard Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) say: Any believer who enters upon his brother while he is fasting, and his brother asks him to eat, then he does not inform him of his fast so that he may not show favor to him by breaking it, Allah, whose praise is great, will write for him the fast of one year for that day!

6 عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ لَإِفْطَارُكَ فِي مَنْزِلِ أَخِيكَ الْمُسْلِمِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ سَبْعِينَ ضِعْفاً أَوْ تِسْعِينَ ضِعْفاً.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 151

Dawud said: I heard Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) say: Your breaking of your fast in the house of your Muslim brother is seventy or ninety times better than your fast!

7 عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي أَدْخُلُ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ وَ هُمْ يَأْكُلُونَ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ الْعَصْرَ وَ أَنَا صَائِمٌ فَيَقُولُونَ أَفْطِرْ فَقَالَ أَفْطِرْ فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 151

Ali ibn Hadid said: I said to Imam Kadhim (prayers of Allah be upon him): I enter upon a people who are eating, and I have prayed the Asr prayer and I am fasting, so they say: Break your fast!

The Imam said: Break your fast, for this is better!

8 عَنْ عَبْد اللَّه بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ الصَّادِقِينَ قَالَ: مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ تَطَوُّعاً فَأَفْطَرَ كَانَ لَهُ أَجْرَانِ أَجْرٌ لِنِيَّتِهِ لِصِيَامِهِ وَ أَجْرٌ لِإِدْخَالِ السُّرُورِ عَلَيْهِ.

📚 Ilal al-Shara'i, p. 387, hadith 1

Abdullah ibn Jundab narrated from one of the Imams that he said: The one who enters upon his brother while on a voluntary fast, and then breaks his fast, he will have two rewards: one reward for his intention of fasting and one reward for bringing joy to him!

✅ Regarding the conditions for the permissibility of breaking a makeup fast in hadith 2️⃣, please refer to the following link:

https://feghh14.com/en/1026

9 عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَدْخُلُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ وَ أَنَا صَائِمٌ فَيَقُولُ لِي أَفْطِرْ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ فَأَفْطِرْ.

📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 411

Husayn ibn Hammad said: I enter upon a person while I am fasting, and he says to me: Break your fast!

The Imam said: If this is more beloved to him, break your fast!

10 عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَدْعُونِي الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا وَ هُوَ يَوْمُ صَوْمِي فَقَالَ أَجِبْهُ وَ أَفْطِرْ.

📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 412

Ismail ibn Jabir said: I said to Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him): A man from our companions invites me, and that day is a day of my fasting!

The Imam said: Accept his invitation and break your fast!

1 1 عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِذَا قَالَ لَكَ أَخُوكَ كُلْ وَ أَنْتَ صَائِمٌ فَكُلْ وَ لَا تُلْجِئْهُ إِلَى أَنْ يُقْسِمَ عَلَيْكَ.

📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 412

Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: When your brother says to you: Eat, while you are voluntarily fasting, then eat and do not force him to swear to you!

2 1 عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى قَالَ: فِطْرُكَ لِأَخِيكَ وَ إِدْخَالُكَ السُّرُورَ عَلَيْهِ أَعْظَمُ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ وَ أَعْظَمُ أَجْراً.

📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 412

Imam Kadhim (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: Your breaking of your fast for your brother and bringing joy to him is more magnificent than your fast and its reward is greater!

✅ From the above narrations, it is clear that if someone has taken a voluntary fast and his brother asks him to eat something, and he breaks his fast without informing him of his fast, a fast of one year will be written for him.

Also, if he has taken a voluntary fast and his religious brother knows and asks him to break his fast, it is better for him to accept and his reward will be multiplied.

It is necessary to mention that hiding the voluntary fast means not informing anyone about it, but if he is asked whether he is fasting, he must not lie because:

3 1 عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ صَائِماً فَيُقَالُ لَهُ أَ صَائِمٌ أَنْتَ فَيَقُولُ لَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هَذَا كَذِبٌ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 319

A person is fasting, and it is said to him: Are you fasting? He says: No! So Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: This is a lie!

✅ So, concealing and hiding the fast is by not informing anyone, but if we are asked whether we are fasting, the truth must be spoken. In any case, if a person has taken a voluntary fast and breaks it because of the request or invitation of his religious brother and to make him happy, his reward will be multiplied according to the above narrations, and breaking the fast in such situations is better.

اللَّهُمَّ فَصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

And Al-Kadhim (peace be upon him) said:

تَفَقَّهُوا فِی دِینِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ الْفِقْهَ مِفْتَاحُ الْبَصِیرَةِ وَ تَمَامُ الْعِبَادَةِ وَ السَّبَبُ إِلَی الْمَنَازِلِ الرَّفِیعَةِ وَ الرُّتَبِ الْجَلِیلَةِ فِی الدِّینِ وَ الدُّنْیَا وَ فَضْلُ الْفَقِیهِ عَلَی الْعَابِدِ کَفَضْلِ الشَّمْسِ عَلَی الْکَوَاکِبِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ یَتَفَقَّهْ فِی دِینِهِ لَمْ یَرْضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَمَلًا

Imam Musa ibn Ja'far (peace be upon them both)

said:

Gain a deep understanding of the religion of God!

For understanding is the key to insight and the entirety of worship!

And it is a means to high ranks and glorious statuses in religion and in the world!

, And the superiority of a jurisprudent over a worshipper is like the superiority of the sun over the stars

👈 And whoever does not gain a deep understanding of his religion

God will not be pleased with any of his actions!

📚 Tuhaf al-Uqul: p. 410

🗴@Feghh14