Question 630: A 40-year-old woman, due to permanent illness, does not menstruate and does not become pregnant. Does such a woman need to observe ‘iddah in temporary and permanent marriage?

99 13 Feb 2021
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Answer

✅Answer: Pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه قَالَ: حَدُّ الَّتِي قَدْ يَئِسَتْ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ خَمْسُونَ سَنَةً.

📚al-Kafi, vol. 3, p. 107

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The limit of a woman’s despair from menstruation (i.e., becoming menopausal) is at fifty years.

2 عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه قَالَ: إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ خَمْسِينَ سَنَةً لَمْ تَرَ حُمْرَةً إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ.

📚al-Kafi, vol. 3, p. 107

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: When a woman reaches fifty years, she no longer menstruates, unless she is a woman from Quraysh.

3 مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ الْمُفِيدُ فِي الْمُقْنِعَةِ قَالَ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْقُرَشِيَّةَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ النَّبَطِيَّةَ تَرَيَانِ الدَّمَ إِلَى سِتِّينَ سَنَةً.

📚al-Muqni‘, p. 82

Shaykh Mufid said: It is narrated that a Qurayshi and a Nabati woman menstruate until sixty years of age.

4 عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنْ كَانَتْ تَحِيضُ فَحَيْضَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَا تَحِيضُ فَشَهْرٌ وَ نِصْفٌ.

📚al-Kafi, vol. 5, p. 458

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) (regarding the ‘iddah of mut‘ah) said: If she menstruates, then one menstruation (a complete menstruation cycle together with a complete purity cycle). And if she does not menstruate, then one and a half months (‘iddah she observes).

5 عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: عِدَّةُ الَّتِي لَمْ تَحِضْ وَ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ الَّتِي لَا تَطْهُرُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ

📚al-Kafi, vol. 6, p. 99

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said:

(In permanent marriage) the ‘iddah of a woman who does not menstruate, and of a mustahadah who does not become pure, is three months.

6 عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي الَّتِي تَحِيضُ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْهُرٍ مَرَّةً أَوْ فِي سِتَّةٍ أَوْ فِي سَبْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ تَبْلُغِ الْحَيْضَ وَ الَّتِي تَحِيضُ مَرَّةً وَ يَرْتَفِعُ مَرَّةً وَ الَّتِي لَا تَطْمَعُ فِي الْوَلَدِ وَ الَّتِي قَدِ ارْتَفَعَ حَيْضُهَا وَ زَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا لَمْ تَيْأَسْ وَ الَّتِي تَرَى الصُّفْرَةَ مِنْ حَيْضٍ لَيْسَ بِمُسْتَقِيمٍ فَذَكَرَ أَنَّ عِدَّةَ هَؤُلَاءِ كُلِّهِنَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ.

📚al-Kafi, vol. 6, p. 99

Imam al-Baqir or Imam Sadiq (peace be upon them both) said:

A woman who menstruates once every three months, or once every six months, or once every seven months,

and a mustahadah who does not reach menstruation,

and a woman who sometimes menstruates and sometimes it is cut off,

and one who has no hope and expectation of bearing children,

and a woman whose menstruation has ceased but she thinks she is not yet menopausal,

and a woman who sees yellowish discharge from menstruation but it is not straight, all of them their (‘iddah of divorce) is three months.

7 عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ يَقُولُ فِي الَّتِي قَدْ يَئِسَتْ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ يُطَلِّقُهَا زَوْجُهَا قَالَ قَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا.

📚al-Tahdhib, vol. 8, p. 67

Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I heard Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him) regarding a menopausal woman whose husband divorces her, he said: She becomes separated (bā’in) from her husband, and ‘iddah is not upon her.

8 عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه قَالَ: إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا عِدَّةٌ تَزَوَّجُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهَا إِنْ شَاءَتْ

📚al-Kafi, vol. 6, p. 83

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: In the case that a man divorces his wife before intercourse with her, then there is no ‘iddah upon the woman, and if she wishes she can marry immediately at that very hour.

✅According to numerous narrations, a few of which were mentioned, a menopausal woman has no ‘iddah. But a woman who is in the age of menstruation, yet due to illness or removal of the womb, etc., does not menstruate — in temporary marriage she must observe one and a half months (45 days), and in permanent marriage she must observe three months, and she can never refrain from observing ‘iddah under the excuse of not menstruating or not becoming pregnant.

Of course, according to narration 8 and others, a non-deflowered wife (ghayr-madkhūlah) has no ‘iddah.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ

وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ