Question 499: Who has the permission and priority to place a woman in the grave?
Answer
✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:
1 عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَا يَدْخُلُ قَبْرَهَا إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ يَرَاهَا فِي حَيَاتِهَا.
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 3, p. 193
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Commander of the Faithful (prayers of God be upon him) said: 'The tradition of the Messenger of God (prayers of God be upon him and his family) has been established that no one should enter the grave of a woman except one who could see her during her life (i.e., is one of her mahrams).'
2 عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُيَسِّرٍعَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه قَالَ: الزَّوْجُ أَحَقُّ بِامْرَأَتِهِ حَتَّى يَضَعَهَا فِي قَبْرِهَا.
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 3, p. 194
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'The husband is most worthy of placing his wife in the grave.'
3 عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ الْمُنَبِّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَالَ: يُسَلُّ الرَّجُلُ سَلًّا وَ تُسْتَقْبَلُ الْمَرْأَةُ اسْتِقْبَالًا وَ يَكُونُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالْمَرْأَةِ فِي مُؤَخَّرِهَا.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, vol. 1, p. 326
The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: 'The male deceased is gently placed into the grave (from the foot of the grave), and the woman is taken crosswise and placed into the grave, and the person most worthy of that female deceased should be at the back and lower part of her body.'
4 عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْقَبْرِ كَمْ يَدْخُلُهُ قَالَ ذَاكَ إِلَى الْوَلِيِّ إِنْ شَاءَ أَدْخَلَ وَتْراً وَ إِنْ شَاءَ شَفْعاً.
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 3, p. 193
Zurarah asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about the grave, how many people enter it? The Imam said: 'This matter is in the hands of the guardian of the deceased. If he wishes, he can have one person enter, and if he wishes, he can have two.'
5 مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ فِي الْخِصَالِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي حَدِيثِ شَرَائِعِ الدِّينِ قَالَ: وَ الْمَيِّتُ يُسَلُّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ سَلًّا وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُؤْخَذُ بِالْعَرْضِ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّحْدِ
📚 Al-Khisal, p. 603
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'The male deceased is gently placed into the grave from the foot of the grave, and the female deceased is taken crosswise from the side of the niche (lahd) (and placed into the grave).'
✅ It is clear from the above narrations that:
1 The number of people entering the grave is chosen by the guardian of the deceased.
2 The female deceased is placed into the grave crosswise from the side wall of the grave and at the side of the niche (the wall facing the Qibla), and the male deceased is placed into the grave headfirst from the foot of the grave.
3 For a female deceased, only those who could have seen her during her lifetime, i.e., those who were her mahrams, such as her husband, brother, paternal uncle, maternal uncle, etc., should enter the grave.
4 The husband is the most worthy and has priority to place his wife in the grave.
5 Among those who enter the grave, the one who is most worthy of that female deceased stands at the back and lower part of the woman's body and receives her. For example, a son is more worthy than a son-in-law, and a brother is more worthy than a paternal or maternal uncle.
✅ By learning the hadiths of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), let's not allow grave diggers and strange men to receive our female deceased and place them in the grave. Instead, in accordance with the tradition of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), this should be done by her mahrams, especially the husband. God willing.
اللَّهُمَّ َصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ
Burying the deceased
Remembering death