Question 492: What is the ruling on traveling to foreign countries, especially to countries of the unbelievers, for leisure?

236 13 Feb 2021
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✅Answer: Please pay attention to some of the limits of traveling in the following narrations:

1 عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ إِنَّ عَلَى الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ لَا يَكُونُ ظَاعِناً إِلَّا فِي ثَلَاثٍ تَزَوُّدٍ لِمَعَادٍ أَوْ مَرَمَّةٍ لِمَعَاشٍ أَوْ لَذَّةٍ فِي غَيْرِ مُحَرَّمٍ.

📚Al-Faqih vol. 2, p. 265, hadith 2386.

Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: It is stated in the wisdom of the family of David, upon our Prophet and his family and upon him be peace: It is upon a wise person not to go out and travel except in three cases: taking provision for the afterlife, or for repairing and improving one's livelihood and earning, or for a permissible pleasure.

2 بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ فِي حَدِيثِ الْأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ قَالَ: لَا يَخْرُجِ الرَّجُلُ فِي سَفَرٍ يَخَافُ مِنْهُ عَلَى دِينِهِ وَ صَلَاتِهِ.

📚Al-Khisal p. 630.

Shaykh Saduq, with his chain of narrators, narrated in the Four Hundred Ahadith from the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, that he said: A person should not travel on a journey in which he fears for his religion and his prayer.

3 عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَجْنَبَ فِي سَفَرٍ وَ لَمْ يَجِدْ إِلَّا الثَّلْجَ أَوْ مَاءً جَامِداً فَقَالَ هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الضَّرُورَةِ يَتَيَمَّمُ وَ لَا أَرَى أَنْ يَعُودَ إِلَى هَذِهِ الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي تُوبِقُ دِينَهُ.

📚Al-Kafi vol. 3, p. 67

Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, about a person who becomes in a state of major ritual impurity while traveling and finds nothing (i.e., no water for ritual bath) except for snow and solid water; the Imam said: He is in a position of necessity, he performs tayammum, and I do not (consider it proper) for him to return to this land where his religion would be ruined and destroyed!

4 عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حُكَيْمٍ عَنْ شَرِيفِ بْنِ سَابِقٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ السَّمَنْدَرِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ إِنِّي أَدْخُلُ بِلَادَ الشِّرْكِ وَ إِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا يَقُولُونَ إِنْ مِتَّ ثَمَّ حُشِرْتَ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي يَا حَمَّادُ إِذَا كُنْتَ ثَمَّ تَذْكُرُ أَمْرَنَا وَ تَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِذَا كُنْتَ فِي هَذِهِ الْمُدُنِ مُدُنِ الْإِسْلَامِ- تَذْكُرُ أَمْرَنَا وَ تَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ: لَا فَقَالَ لِي إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَمُتْ ثَمَّ تُحْشَرْ أُمَّةً وَحْدَكَ وَ يَسْعَى نُورُكَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ.

📚Amali al-Tusi vol. 1, p. 44

Hammad Samandari said: I said to Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him: I enter the land of the polytheists, and indeed those who are with us say: If you die there, you will be resurrected along with them!

He said: The Imam said to me: O Hammad, when you are there, do you mention our matter and invite to it? I said: Yes. He said: When you are in the Islamic cities and countries, do you remember our matter (of Wilayah) and invite to it? I said: No!

The Imam said to me: If you die there, you will be resurrected as a single nation, and your light will move in front of you!

✅In the first narration and its likes, the Imam, peace be upon him, mentions one of the permissible reasons for travel as being for lawful pleasures and what is called lawful recreation. However, other conditions have also been stated in the narrations, in the form of general principles, for the permissibility of going on such trips:

1 The person should not fear for their religion and their prayer being at risk on that journey.

2 It should not be a place where the person's religion would be ruined and destroyed from various aspects, which, according to the question of the narrator in the third hadith, the lack of water for ritual bath in that place is also one of the things that can destroy and ruin one's religion. Therefore, in one's leisure travel, they must check so that the components of their religion do not face ruin.

✅By examining the above limits and other limits that the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, have stated in this matter, those who intend to travel for leisure to other countries can determine their duty and not put their religion and their prayer at risk and destruction by traveling to other countries.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ

وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ