✅ Answer:

1 عن أَبِي عَبْد اللَّه قَال: فَإِذَا دَخَلَ أَرْضاً قَبْلَ طُلُوع الْفَجْرِ و هُوَ يُرِيدُالْإِقَامَةَ بِهَا فَعَلَيْه صَوْمُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ إِنْ دَخَلَ بَعْدَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ فَلَا صِيَامَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ صَام

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 131

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said in a hadith: 'If a person arrives at a place where he intends to stay (for ten days) before the dawn, he is obligated to fast that day, but if he arrives there after the dawn, he is not obligated to fast, but he can fast if he wants to (under specific conditions).'

2 رِفَاعة بْن موسى قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقْبِلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ حَتَّى يَرَى أَنَّهُ سَيَدْخُلُ أَهْلَهُ ضَحْوَةً أَوِ ارْتِفَاعَ النَّهَارِ قَالَ إِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ وَ هُوَ خَارِجٌ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَار إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ و إِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 143

Rifa'ah said: 'I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a person who returns from a journey during the month of Ramadan in such a way that he sees that he will arrive to his family after the sun has risen or when the day is high.' He said: 'If he was still outside the city at dawn and had not yet arrived to his family, he has the choice to fast if he wishes or to break his fast if he wishes.'

3 أحمدبن مُحَمَّد قَال: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَدِمَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ لَمْ يَطْعَمْ شَيْئاً قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ قَالَ يَصُومُ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 132

Ahmad ibn Muhammad said: 'I asked Imam Kadhim (peace be upon him) about a person who arrives in his city from a journey during the month of Ramadan before noon, while he has not eaten anything.' The Imam said: 'He should fast.'

4 أَبِي بصِيرقَال: سَأَلْتُهُ عن الرَّجُل يَقْدَمُ مِنْ سَفَرٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ إِنْ قَدِمَ قَبْلَ زَوَال الشَّمْس فَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ يَعْتَدُّ بِهِ

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 255

Abi Basir said: 'I asked (Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him) about a person who enters his city during the month of Ramadan.' The Imam said: 'If he returns from a journey and arrives in the city before the sun's decline (i.e., before noon), he is obligated to fast that day (he can fast) and it is counted (he does not have to make it up).'

5 عن يونس قَال قَالَ فِي الْمُسَافِرِ الَّذِي يَدْخُلُ أَهْلَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ أَكَلَ قَبْلَ دُخُولِهِ قَال يَكُفُّ عَن الْأَكْلِ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ و قَال فِي الْمُسَافِرِ يَدْخُلُ أَهْلَهُ وَ هُوَ جُنُبٌ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ و لَمْ يَكُنْ أَكَلَ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَ لَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ يَعْنِي إِذَا كَانَتْ جَنَابَتُهُ مِنِ احْتِلَامٍ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 132

Yunus said: '(The Imam, peace be upon him) said about a traveler who arrives to his family during the month of Ramadan while he has eaten something before arriving (in the city): 'He should refrain from eating for the rest of the day (as a sign of respect) and he is obligated to make up for that day.' And about a traveler who arrives to his family before noon while he is in a state of janabah (ritual impurity) but has not eaten anything, he said: 'He must complete his fast, and he does not have to make it up,' meaning when his janabah is from a nocturnal emission.'

6 علي بن الحسين قال: و كَذَلِكَ الْمُسافِرُ إِذَا أَكَلَ مِنْ أَوَّل النَّهَار ثُمَّ قَدِمَ أَهْلَهُ أُمِرَ بِالْإِمْسَاكِ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ تَأْدِيباً و لَيْسَ بِفَرْضٍ

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 77

Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said: 'When a traveler eats something at the beginning of the day and then arrives in his city and to his family, he is commanded to refrain from (eating, drinking, etc.) for the rest of the day as a sign of respect, and (of course) this is not an obligation.'

✅ Points from the above narrations:

A traveler who arrives in his city or a place where he intends to stay for ten days during the month of Ramadan before dawn is obligated to fast that day. But if he is still outside the city at dawn, he is not obligated to fast that day and can eat. Whenever he arrives in his city, he should refrain from eating and drinking until the end of the day as a sign of respect, and he is obligated to make up for it. And if he arrives in his city before noon and has not eaten anything until that time, he can fast that day.

Likewise, a person who arrives in his city or a place of ten days' residence before noon without having eaten anything and is in a state of janabah due to a nocturnal emission, he should perform a ritual bath and fast that day, and he does not have to make it up.

Traveler's fast