Question 417: Is it permissible to play cards (poker) without the intention of winning or losing, and just for entertainment?

471 13 Feb 2021
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✅Answer:

«یَا أَیُّهَا الَّذِینَ آمَنُواْ إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَیْسِرُ وَالأَنصَابُ وَالأَزْلاَمُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ الشَّیْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّکُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ * إِنَّمَا یُرِیدُ الشَّیْطَانُ أَن یُوقِعَ بَیْنَکُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاء فِی الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَیْسِرِ وَیَصُدَّکُمْ عَن ذِکْرِ اللّهِ وَعَنِ الصَّلاَةِ فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ»

O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, stone altars, and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may succeed. * Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist?

📖 Al-Ma'idah / 90 and 91

✅Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: النَّرْدُ و الشِّطْرَنْجُ وَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ كُلُّ مَا قُومِرَ عَلَيْهِ فَهُوَ مَيْسِرٌ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 435

Imam Abu al-Hasan, peace be upon him, said: Backgammon, chess, and arba'a ashar are all of the same status, and whatever is gambled with is gambling (maysir).

✅Arba'a ashar was a type of game, the method of which is mentioned in some dictionaries.

2 عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ الَّتِي يَلْعَبُ بِهَا النَّاسُ النَّرْدِ وَ الشِّطْرَنْجِ حَتَّى انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى السُّدَّرِ فَقَالَ إِذَا مَيَّزَ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ مِنَ الْبَاطِل مَعَ أَيِّهِمَا يَكُونُ قُلْتُ مَعَ الْبَاطِلِ قَالَ فَمَا لَكَ وَ لِلْبَاطِل

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 436

Fudayl said: I asked Imam Baqir, peace be upon him, about these things that people play with, such as backgammon and chess, until I reached Sudder. The Imam said: When Allah separates the truth from falsehood, with which of them will these games be? I said: With falsehood! The Imam said: So what business do you have with falsehood?!

✅Sudder is a game that is played for gambling.

3 مُحَمَّد بْن عِيسَى قَالَ: كَتَبَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَنْبَسَةَ يَعْنِي إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ إِنْ رَأَى سَيِّدِي وَ مَوْلَايَ أَنْ يُخْبِرَنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَ الْمَيْسِرِ [۱] الْآيَةَ فَمَا الْمَيْسِرُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَكَتَبَ كُلُّ مَا قُومِرَ بِهِ فَهُوَ الْمَيْسِرُ وَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ

📚 Tafsir al-Ayyashi, Vol. 1, p. 105

[1]📖 Al-Baqarah, verse 219

Ibrahim ibn Anbasa wrote a letter to Imam Jawad, peace be upon him: If my master sees fit, inform me about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, when He says: 'They ask you about intoxicants and gambling...', what is gambling, may I be your ransom? The Imam replied in writing: Everything that is gambled with is gambling (maysir), and every intoxicant is forbidden.

✅Qimar (gambling) refers to games with stakes and betting, and gambling tools are the tools with which gambling is done.

4 زُرَارَة عن أَبِي عَبْد اللَّه أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الشِّطْرَنْج و عَنْ لُعْبَةِ شَبِيبٍ الَّتِي يُقَالُ لَهَا لُعْبَةُ الْأَمِير و عَنْ لُعْبَةِ الثَّلَاثِ فَقَالَ أَ رَأَيْتَكَ إِذَا مَيَّزَ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ وَ الْبَاطِلَ مَعَ أَيِّهِمَا تَكُونُ قَالَ مَعَ الْبَاطِلِ قَالَ فَلَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 436

Zurarah said: Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, was asked about chess and the game of Shabib, which is called the game of the prince, and the game of thalath. The Imam said: Inform me when Allah separates truth from falsehood, with which of them will they be? The person said: With falsehood. The Imam said: Then there is no good in it.

✅As is clear from the above narrations, the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, by presenting general principles to their followers, have stated the ruling on other games with which one gambles, in addition to the games and gambling that were common among the wicked at that time.

The wicked game of cards, or poker, has been a part of gambling since its inception. Based on the above general principles, it has no permissibility, even if there is no intention of winning or losing, and it is considered defilement and from the work of Satan according to the text of the Quran.

✅Of course, besides the fact that cards are considered a gambling tool, in many hadiths, play and games are generally condemned (except for a few cases that have been exempted), and playing cards is also subject to many condemnations for this reason:

5️⃣ Imam Ali, peace be upon him, said: Everything that distracts from the remembrance of Allah is from gambling (maysir).

📚 Amali Sheikh Tusi, 681

Ali, peace be upon him, said: Everything that distracts a person from the remembrance of Allah is gambling (maysir).

✅Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, in response to Bukayr's question about playing chess, said: A believer is too busy for play.

📚 Qurb al-Isnad, p. 641