✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ يَقُولُ الْحَامِلُ الْمُقْرِبُ وَ الْمُرْضِعُ الْقَلِيلَةُ اللَّبَنِ لَا حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ- لِأَنَّهُمَا لَا يُطِيقَانِ الصَّوْمَ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ يُفْطِرُ فِيهِ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا قَضَاءُ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَفْطَرَتَا فِيهِ تَقْضِيَانِهِ بَعْدُ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 117

Translation: Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I heard Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) say: A pregnant woman who is close to giving birth and a breastfeeding woman whose milk is scarce, there is no harm for them to break their fast in the month of Ramadan because these two categories cannot bear the fast, and for both of them, they must give one mudd of food as charity for every day they break the fast, and they must make up every day that they broke the fast later.

2 عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ يَعْنِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تُرْضِعُ وَلَدَهَا وَ غَيْرَ وَلَدِهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ- فَيَشْتَدُّ عَلَيْهَا الصَّوْمُ وَ هِيَ تُرْضِعُ حَتَّى يُغْشَى عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا تَقْدِرُ عَلَى الصِّيَامِ أَ تُرْضِعُ وَ تُفْطِرُ وَ تَقْضِي صِيَامَهَا إِذَا أَمْكَنَهَا أَوْ تَدَعُ الرَّضَاعَ وَ تَصُومُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ مِمَّنْ لَا يُمْكِنُهَا اتِّخَاذُ مَنْ يُرْضِعُ وَلَدَهَا فَكَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ فَكَتَبَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِمَّنْ يُمْكِنُهَا اتِّخَاذُ ظِئْرٍ اسْتَرْضَعَتْ لِوَلَدِهَا وَ أَتَمَّتْ صِيَامَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ لَا يُمْكِنُهَا أَفْطَرَتْ وَ أَرْضَعَتْ وَلَدَهَا وَ قَضَتْ صِيَامَهَا مَتَى مَا أَمْكَنَهَا.

📚 Mustadrafat al-Sara'ir, p. 67

Translation: Ali ibn Mahziyar said: I wrote a letter to Imam Ali al-Naqi (peace be upon him) and asked: A woman breastfeeds her child and another's child in the month of Ramadan, so while she is breastfeeding, fasting becomes difficult for her to the extent that she faints and is unable to fast, should she continue breastfeeding and break her fast and then make it up when possible, or should she stop breastfeeding and fast? And if it is not possible for her to hire someone to breastfeed her child, what should she do?

The Imam (peace be upon him) wrote in reply: If she is among those for whom hiring a wet nurse is possible, she should hire a wet nurse for her child and complete her fasts, but if hiring a wet nurse is not possible for her, she should break her fast and breastfeed her child and make up her fast when it becomes possible.

3 عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعامُ مِسْكِينٍ قَالَ الْمَرْأَةُ تَخَافُ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا وَ الشَّيْخُ الْكَبِيرُ.

📚 Tafsir al-Ayyashi, Vol. 1, p. 79

Translation: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said about the verse 'And upon those who can fast with difficulty is a ransom (fidyah) of feeding a poor person' (Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 184): (These are) the woman (breastfeeding or pregnant) who fears for her child and the elderly man.

✅From the above narrations, it is clear that a breastfeeding woman whose milk is scarce and who fears for her child, if possible, should hire a wet nurse for her child and keep her fasts, but if it is not possible for her to hire a wet nurse and she is also unable to fast, she should break her fast and for every day she breaks the fast, she should give one mudd of food as charity to a poor person, and she must also make up her fasts when it becomes possible.

✅However, the name of this one mudd of food that a pregnant woman close to delivery and a breastfeeding woman with little milk give as charity to a poor person for every single day is 'fidyah' and is not called 'kaffarah' (expiation).

Breaking fast due to breastfeeding