✅ Answer: Consider the following narrations:

1⃣عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ... عَنِ الرَّجُلِ یُصَلِّی مَعَ قَوْمٍ لَا یَقْتَدِی بِهِمْ فَیُصَلِّی لِنَفْسِهِ وَ رُبَّمَا قَرَءُوا آیَةً مِنَ الْعَزَائِمِ فَلَا یَسْجُدُونَ فِیهَا فَکَیْفَ یَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ لَا یَسْجُدُ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 393

I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a person who prays with a group but does not follow their imam, praying for himself, and sometimes recites a verse of obligatory prostration, but they do not prostrate for it. What should he do? He said: He should not prostrate!

2⃣ عَلِیُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فِی کِتَابِهِ عَنْ أَخِیهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ یَکُونُ فِی صَلَاةِ جَمَاعَةٍ فَیَقْرَأُ إِنْسَانٌ السَّجْدَةَ کَیْفَ یَصْنَعُ قَالَ یُومِئُ بِرَأْسِهِ.

قَالَ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ یَکُونُ فِی صَلَاتِهِ فَیُقْرَأُ آخِرُ السَّجْدَةِ فَقَالَ یَسْجُدُ إِذَا سَمِعَ شَیْئاً مِنَ الْعَزَائِمِ الْأَرْبَعِ ثُمَّ یَقُومُ فَیُتِمُّ صَلَاتَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ یَکُونَ فِی فَرِیضَةٍ فَیُومِئُ بِرَأْسِهِ إِیمَاءً.

📚 Masail Ali ibn Ja'far, p. 173

Ali ibn Ja'far says: I asked Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) about a person who is in congregational prayer, and someone recites a verse requiring prostration. What should he do? He said: He should indicate with his head!

And I asked him about a person who is in his prayer, and the end of a surah requiring prostration is recited. He said: If he hears one of the four obligatory prostrations, he should prostrate and then stand up and complete his prayer, unless he is in an obligatory prayer, in which case he should indicate prostration with his head!

3⃣عَنْ أَبِی بَصِیرٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ: إِنْ صَلَّیْتَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ فَقَرَأَ الْإِمَامُ اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّکَ الَّذِی خَلَقَ أَوْ شَیْئاً مِنَ الْعَزَائِمِ وَ فَرَغَ مِنْ قِرَاءَتِهِ وَ لَمْ یَسْجُدْ فَأَوْمِ إِیمَاءً...

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 318

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: If you pray with a group and the imam recites Surah Alaq or other surahs requiring obligatory prostration, and he completes his recitation without prostrating, then you should indicate (prostration)!

✅ The imams of Masjid al-Haram and Masjid an-Nabawi recite surahs with obligatory prostration during Friday morning prayers, and according to the above narrations, our duty varies depending on the circumstances:

If, while accompanying them for taqiyyah (dissimulation), we are performing our obligatory prayer, since taqiyyah is usually not required, we should not prostrate upon hearing the verse and should only indicate prostration with a gesture while standing.

If we are praying a supererogatory (nafilah) prayer alongside them, upon hearing the verse, we should prostrate and then rise to continue the prayer.

✅ Since the imams of these two mosques do not meet the conditions for being followed, and they usually recite such verses during the morning prayer when the time for the morning prayer has not yet begun, informed Shiites are usually praying nafilah. Therefore, they are obligated to prostrate along with them upon hearing the verse and then continue their prayer.

However, if we are praying the obligatory morning prayer or a makeup obligatory prayer alongside them, upon hearing the verse, we should not prostrate but must indicate prostration with a gesture, unless the situation requires taqiyyah and not doing so would cause harm, in which case we should prostrate with them.

Apparently, not prostrating does not pose an issue regarding taqiyyah, as some people omit it, but the conditions of taqiyyah should still be assessed.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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