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Question 2002: If a man's income is entirely and explicitly unlawful (haram), is the sustenance (nafaqah) he provides for his wife and children permissible for them to use?

✅ Answer: Please consider the following narrations:

1⃣ Humayri wrote a letter to Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) and asked: A man who is an agent for endowments (waqf) considers what is in his possession as lawful and does not observe proper restrictions in acquiring wealth.

Sometimes, while he is in his city, I rent a place or enter his home while his food is prepared, and he invites me to eat. If I refuse, he becomes hostile and says: ‘So-and-so does not consider our food lawful to eat.’ Is it permissible for me to eat from his food and then give charity? And how much charity should I give? If this agent gives a gift to another person and I am present, and that person invites me to partake, while I know that this agent does not observe proper restrictions in acquiring wealth—if I use something from it, do I bear any responsibility?

Response: If this man has other lawful income or livelihood apart from what he has from endowments, then eat from it and accept his kindness; otherwise, no.

📚Al-Ihtijaj, p. 485

2⃣عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصِّبْیَانُ یَلْعَبُونَ بِالْجَوْزِ وَ الْبَیْضِ وَ یُقَامِرُونَ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْکُلْ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ حَرَامٌ.

📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 124

Ishaq bin Ammar said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Children play with walnuts and eggs and gamble with them! The Imam said: Do not eat from it, because it is unlawful (haram)!

3⃣قال رسول اللَّه... یَا ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَانْظُرْ أَنْ لَا تَأْكُلَ الْحَرَامَ وَ لَا تَلْبَسَ الْحَرَامَ وَ لَا تَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ وَ لَا تَعْصِ اللَّهَ

📚Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 77, p. 107

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) advised Ibn Mas‘ud: O son of Mas‘ud! Be careful not to eat, wear, or take anything unlawful, and do not disobey Allah!

5⃣عن أبی بصیر عن أبی عبدالله في حديث قال لَیْسَ شَیْءٌ مِمَّا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا و قَدْ أَحَلَّهُ لِمَنِ اضْطُرَّ إِلَیْه

📚Tahdhib, Vol. 3, p. 177

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said in a hadith: Nothing that Allah has prohibited is permissible, except for someone who is in extreme necessity (idtirar).

6⃣عَنْ جُنَادَةَ بْنِ أَبِی أُمَیَّةَ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَی الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِیِّ بْنِ أَبِی طَالِبٍ علیه السلام فِی مَرَضِهِ الَّذِی تُوُفِّیَ فِیهِ.. إلی أَنْ قَالَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ فِی حَلَالِهَا حِسَابٌ وَ فِی حَرَامِهَا عِقَابٌ وَ فِی الشُّبُهَاتِ عِتَابٌ فَأَنْزِلِ الدُّنْیَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَیْتَةِ خُذْ مِنْهَا مَا یَكْفِیكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ حَلَالًا كُنْتَ قَدْ زَهِدْتَ فِیهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَرَاماً لَمْ یَكُنْ فِیهِ وِزْرٌ فَأَخَذْتَ كَمَا أَخَذْتَ مِنَ الْمَیْتَةِ...

📚Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 44, p. 139

Junadah said: When I visited Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) during his illness before passing away… he said: Know that lawful wealth will be accounted for, unlawful wealth will bring punishment, and doubtful wealth will bring blame! So, consider the world like a carcass from which you take only as much as necessary—if it is lawful, then you have practiced restraint; if it is unlawful, then you have not sinned (due to necessity), and you consume it just as you would consume a carcass in extreme necessity.

✅ Many narrations indicate that unlawful property or anything purchased directly with unlawful wealth is not permissible to consume, wear, or use. In normal circumstances, unlawful wealth cannot be consumed. If a man purchases something with explicitly unlawful wealth and brings it to his family, they are not permitted to use it if they are aware of its nature, even though he is responsible for providing for them.

✅ However, if the wife and children have no other option and are in a state of necessity (idtirar), they may use it only to the extent necessary for survival until Allah provides them with relief. If they are not in a state of necessity, they have no right to use explicitly unlawful wealth.

It is clear that if they are unaware of its unlawful nature, or if the man also has lawful income, then consuming it is not prohibited for them.

✅ Refer to the links provided in the above sections, as well as this link and this link.

✅ Please also refer to this link.

✅ Be sure to check this link as well.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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