Question 1907: My sister suffers from insanity and dementia. If I recite the morning, Maghrib, and Isha prayers aloud, she attacks, bites, and breaks household items. Is it permissible to recite my prayers quietly when I have to be near her? (Currently, various parts of my mother’s body are bruised due to my sister's biting, and we have hidden knives and sharp objects.)
✅ Answer: Please refer to the following narrations:
1⃣عَنْ حَرِیزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ فِی رَجُلٍ جَهَرَ فِیمَا لَا یَنْبَغِی الْإِجْهَارُ فِیهِ وَ أَخْفَی فِیمَا لَا یَنْبَغِی الْإِخْفَاءُ فِیهِ فَقَالَ أَیَّ ذَلِکَ فَعَلَ مُتَعَمِّداً فَقَدْ نَقَضَ صَلَاتَهُ وَ عَلَیْهِ الْإِعَادَةُ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِکَ نَاسِیاً أَوْ سَاهِیاً أَوْ لَا یَدْرِی فَلَا شَیْءَ عَلَیْهِ وَ قَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُهُ
📚 Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 344
Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said regarding someone who recites aloud where it is not appropriate, or recites quietly where it is not appropriate: If they do this intentionally, they have invalidated their prayer and must repeat it. However, if done out of forgetfulness, distraction, or lack of knowledge, there is no penalty, and their prayer is valid.
2⃣عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِاللَّهِ علیه السلام النَّاسُ مَأْمُورُونَ وَ مَنْهِیُّونَ وَ مَنْ کَانَ لَهُ عُذْرٌ عَذَرَهُ اللَّهُ
📚 Al-Mahasinu, Vol. 1, p. 245
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'People are subject to obligations and prohibitions, but Allah accepts the excuse of anyone who has a valid excuse.'
✅ Although, according to the above narrations, the recitation of morning, Maghrib, and Isha prayers should be aloud for men, and one who deliberately recites them quietly must repeat the prayer, considering narration 2⃣, someone with a legitimate excuse is excused, and Allah accepts their excuse.
✅ Let us remember Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) and pray more for his swift reappearance...
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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