Also, in a pre-sale transaction, we set a specific time for the delivery of the purchased goods and agree on a penalty for each day of delay. Is this condition and the collection of this penalty permissible?

✅ Answer: Regarding the permissibility of conditions that Muslims and believers set with one another, the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) have taught several general principles to the Shi'a, and with these principles, the answers to these two questions, as well as many others, become clear. These are presented below for the believers. However, applying these principles to the specific case requires sufficient knowledge, attention, and understanding, which should not be overlooked. The principles of these matters are:

✅ اصل اول : مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ یَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِیَادٍ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِیعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ یَقُولُ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطاً مُخَالِفاً لِکِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَا یَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ لَا یَجُوزُ عَلَی الَّذِی اشْتُرِطَ عَلَیْهِ وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ مِمَّا وَافَقَ کِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ

📚 Al-Kafi, Volume 5, Page 169

Abdullah bin Sanan says: I heard Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) say: Whoever sets a condition that contradicts the book of Allah, the Qur'an, that condition is not valid for him or for the one it was made with. Muslims are bound by their conditions as long as they are in accordance with the book of Allah.

✅ اصل دوم : عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَی الْخَشَّابِ عَنْ غِیَاثِ بْنِ کَلُّوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ أَنَّ عَلِیَّ بْنَ أَبِی طَالِبٍ علیه السلام کَانَ یَقُولُ مَنْ شَرَطَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ شَرْطاً فَلْیَفِ لَهَا بِهِ فَإِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِینَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِلَّا شَرْطاً حَرَّمَ حَلَالًا أَوْ أَحَلَّ حَرَاماً

📚 Tahdhib, Volume 7, Page 467

Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) said: Whoever makes a condition with their spouse must fulfill that condition for their spouse, for Muslims are bound by their conditions unless the condition makes something forbidden lawful or something lawful forbidden.

✅ Based on the two above criteria, the condition of paying a penalty for a delay in delivering the construction project does not contradict the Qur'an and does not make something forbidden lawful. Therefore, it is permissible and enforceable. Inshallah.

اللّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ

وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ

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