✅ Answer: Please refer to the following narrations:

1⃣عَنْ حَرِیزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةٌ مِنْ صَلَاةِ السَّفَرِ فَذَکَرَهَا فِی الْحَضَرِ قَالَ یَقْضِی مَا فَاتَهُ کَمَا فَاتَهُ إِنْ کَانَتْ صَلَاةَ السَّفَرِ أَدَّاهَا فِی الْحَضَرِ مِثْلَهَا وَ إِنْ کَانَتْ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ فَلْیَقْضِ فِی السَّفَرِ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ کَمَا فَاتَتْهُ

📚 Al-Kafi, Volume 3, Page 435

Zurara said: I asked (the Imam): A person misses a prayer while traveling and remembers it at home. The Imam said: They must perform it as it was missed. If it was a travel prayer (i.e., two rak'ahs), they should perform it at home as it was (two rak'ahs). If it was a home prayer (i.e., four rak'ahs), they should perform it while traveling as a home prayer (i.e., four rak'ahs).

2⃣عَنْ مُصَدِّقٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِی حَدِیثٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَکُونُ عَلَیْهِ صَلَاةٌ فِی الْحَضَرِ هَلْ یَقْضِیهَا وَ هُوَ مُسَافِرٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ یَقْضِیهَا بِاللَّیْلِ عَلَی الْأَرْضِ فَأَمَّا عَلَی الظَّهْرِ فَلَا وَ یُصَلِّی کَمَا یُصَلِّی فِی الْحَضَرِ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Volume 2, Page 273

Ammar said: I asked Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, about a person who has a prayer obligation at home, can they perform it while traveling? The Imam said: Yes, they may perform it at night on the ground but not while on the back of a riding animal, and they should perform it as they would at home.

3⃣ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: إِذَا نَسِیَ الرَّجُلُ صَلَاةً أَوْ صَلَّاهَا بِغَیْرِ طَهُورٍ وَ هُوَ مُقِیمٌ أَوْ مُسَافِرٌ فَذَکَرَهَا فَلْیَقْضِ الَّذِی وَجَبَ عَلَیْهِ لَا یَزِیدُ عَلَی ذَلِکَ وَ لَا یَنْقُصُ مَنْ نَسِیَ أَرْبَعاً فَلْیَقْضِ أَرْبَعاً مُسَافِراً کَانَ أَوْ مُقِیماً وَ إِنْ نَسِیَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ صَلَّی رَکْعَتَیْنِ إِذَا ذَکَرَ مُسَافِراً کَانَ أَوْ مُقِیماً.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Volume 3, Page 225

Imam Baqir, peace be upon him, said: If a person forgets a prayer at home or while traveling, or if they performed it without wudu, and then they remember, they should perform it exactly as it was obligatory. They should neither add to nor subtract from it. Whoever forgets a four-rak'ah prayer must perform four rak'ahs, whether they are traveling or at home. And if they forget a two-rak'ah prayer, when they remember, they should perform two rak'ahs, whether traveling or at home.

4⃣عَنْ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ یَمْرَضُ وَ لَا یَقْدِرُ أَنْ یُصَلِّیَ الْمَکْتُوبَةَ قَالَ یَقْضِی إِذَا قَامَ مِثْلَ صَلَاةِ الْمُسَافِرِ بِالتَّقْصِیرِ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Volume 3, Page 230

Ammar said: I asked Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, about a traveler who becomes ill and is unable to perform the obligatory prayer. The Imam said: When they recover, they should perform the missed prayer as a shortened (travel) prayer.

✅ According to the above narrations and others, missed prayers must be performed exactly as they were missed, and whether one is traveling or at home when performing them does not affect this.

Thus, if the Dhuhr, Asr, or Isha prayer was missed while traveling and it was two rak'ahs, it must be performed as two rak'ahs when making it up, whether one is traveling or at home.

Similarly, if the Dhuhr, Asr, or Isha prayer was missed at home and it was four rak'ahs, it must always be performed as four rak'ahs, whether one is at home or traveling when making it up.

For Fajr and Maghrib prayers, the number of rak'ahs is the same whether traveling or at home, whether performed on time or as a make-up.

In one sentence, the summary of the above narrations is the well-known phrase:

✅✅✅«إِقْضِ مَا فَاتَ کَمَا فَاتَ»✅✅✅

That is: Perform the missed prayer as it was missed!

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

https://t.me/porseshvapasokhe