Question 1846: If a seller stipulates in a sales contract that the buyer must not sell or give the item to anyone, is this condition valid and must the buyer comply with it?
✅ Answer: Refer to the following narrations:
1⃣عَنْ عَلِیِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِیمَ عَنْ أَبِیهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِی عُمَیْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الشَّرْطِ فِی الْإِمَاءِ لَا تُبَاعُ وَ لَا تُورَثُ وَ لَا تُوهَبُ فَقَالَ یَجُوزُ ذَلِکَ غَیْرَ الْمِیرَاثِ فَإِنَّهَا تُورَثُ وَ کُلُّ شَرْطٍ خَالَفَ کِتَابَ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ.
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 5, p. 212
Halabi said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a condition regarding a slave girl that she should neither be sold, inherited, nor given as a gift; the Imam replied: It is permissible except for inheritance, as it is subject to inheritance. Any condition that contradicts the Quran is invalid!
2⃣ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَیْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: الْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِلَّا کُلَّ شَرْطٍ خَالَفَ کِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَا یَجُوزُ.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, vol. 7, p. 22
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Muslims are bound by their conditions, except for any condition that contradicts the Quran, which is not permissible!
3⃣عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الشَّرْطِ فِی الْإِمَاءِ لَا تُبَاعُ وَ لَا تُوهَبُ قَالَ یَجُوزُ ذَلِکَ غَیْرَ الْمِیرَاثِ فَإِنَّهَا تُورَثُ لِأَنَّ کُلَّ شَرْطٍ خَالَفَ الْکِتَابَ بَاطِلٌ.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, vol. 7, p. 67
Ibn Sinan said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about selling slave girls with the condition that they should not be sold or given as gifts; the Imam replied: It is permissible, except for inheritance, as it is subject to inheritance, because any condition that contradicts the Quran is invalid!
4⃣عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَی الْخَشَّابِ عَنْ غِیَاثِ بْنِ کَلُّوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ أَنَّ عَلِیَّ بْنَ أَبِی طَالِبٍ علیه السلام کَانَ یَقُولُ مَنْ شَرَطَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ شَرْطاً فَلْیَفِ لَهَا بِهِ فَإِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِینَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِلَّا شَرْطاً حَرَّمَ حَلَالًا أَوْ أَحَلَّ حَرَاماً
📚 Al-Tahdhib, vol. 7, p. 467
Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) said: If a man sets a condition with his wife, he must fulfill that condition for her, for Muslims are bound by their conditions, except for a condition that makes a forbidden thing permissible or a permissible thing forbidden!
5⃣عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ یَقُولُ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطاً مُخَالِفاً لِکِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَا یَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ لَا یَجُوزُ عَلَی الَّذِی اشْتُرِطَ عَلَیْهِ وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ مِمَّا وَافَقَ کِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 5, p. 169
Abdullah bin Sinan said: I heard Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) say: Anyone who sets a condition that contradicts the Quran, the Book of Allah, that condition is not permissible for him nor for the one upon whom it is set. Muslims are bound by their conditions (and their conditions are valid and enforceable) as long as they are in accordance with the Book of Allah.
✅ Based on the above narrations and others, if someone sets a condition within contracts that does not contradict the Quran and does not make a forbidden thing permissible or a permissible thing forbidden, that condition is valid and must be complied with.
✅ Since the condition of not selling or giving the item in a sales contract does not contradict the Quran and does not make a forbidden thing permissible or a permissible thing forbidden, such a condition is valid, and the buyer must comply with it as it was set within the sales contract.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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