✅ Answer: Pay attention to the following narrations:

1⃣عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

لَا تُعَادُ الصَّلَاةُ إِلَّا مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ الطَّهُورِ وَ الْوَقْتِ وَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ الرُّكُوعِ وَ السُّجُودِ.

📚 Al-Faqih, vol. 1, p. 339

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: The prayer is not invalidated except by five things: purification (ablution, washing, and tayammum), time, direction (Qibla), bowing (Ruku), and prostration (Sujood).

2⃣عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِیِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ أَخِی قَالَ عَلِیُّ بْنُ الْحُسَیْنِ وَضْعُ الرَّجُلِ إِحْدَی یَدَیْهِ عَلَی الْأُخْرَی فِی الصَّلَاةِ عَمَلٌ وَ لَیْسَ فِی الصَّلَاةِ عَمَلٌ.

📚 Qurb al-Isnad, p. 95

Ali ibn Ja'far said: My brother (Imam Kadhim, peace be upon him) said: Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said: Placing one hand over the other in prayer is an action and does not constitute a significant action in prayer.

3⃣عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَ أَنَسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ فِی وَصِیَّةِ النَّبِیِّ لِعَلِیٍّ قَالَ: یَا عَلِیُّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ کَرِهَ لِأُمَّتِی الْعَبَثَ فِی الصَّلَاةِ الْحَدِیثَ.

📚 Al-Faqih, vol. 4, p. 357

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) narrated from his ancestors that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) advised Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him), saying: O Ali! Allah dislikes play and idle acts during prayer for my Ummah.

4⃣عَنْ عَلِیٍّ فِی حَدِیثِ الْأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ قَالَ: وَ لَا یَعْبَثِ الرَّجُلُ فِی صَلَاتِهِ بِلِحْیَتِهِ وَ لَا بِمَا یَشْغَلُهُ عَنْ صَلَاتِهِ.... لِیَخْشَعِ الرَّجُلُ فِی صَلَاتِهِ فَإِنَّ مَنْ خَشَعَ قَلْبُهُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَشَعَتْ جَوَارِحُهُ فَلَا یَعْبَثُ بِشَیْءٍ.

📚 Al-Khisal, pp. 620 and 628

Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) said in the Hadith of the Four Hundred: A person should not play with his beard or with anything that distracts him from his prayer... One should be humble in their prayer because whoever is humble in their heart for Allah, their limbs and body will also be humble, and they will not play with anything.

5⃣عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَیْمَانَ الدَّیْلَمِیِّ عَنْ أَبِیهِ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سِتَّةٌ کَرِهَهَا اللَّهُ لِی فَکَرِهْتُهَا لِلْأَئِمَّةِ مِنْ ذُرِّیَّتِی وَ لْتَکْرَهْهَا الْأَئِمَّةُ لِأَتْبَاعِهِمْ الْعَبَثُ فِی الصَّلَاةِ الْحَدِیثَ.

📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 10, Hadith 31

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: There are six things that Allah dislikes for me, and I also dislike for the Imams from my progeny, and the Imams also dislike for their followers: play and idle acts during prayer...

✅ Prayer is one of the divine obligations, and its boundaries are defined for us by the infallibles (peace be upon them). Certain acts during prayer are forbidden, while some are allowed.

Although kissing a child during the Tashahhud does not have a specific hadith, according to narration 2 and others, performing actions outside the norms of prayer, which are generally referred to as 'actions' or 'significant acts' (F'il Kathir), is prohibited. Overall, the narrations above and others discourage playing and anything that distracts one from prayer and diminishes humility.

✅ However, the prohibition of an act during prayer does not equate to the invalidation of the prayer. The invalidation and the need to repeat the prayer are limited to cases explicitly or generally stated in the narrations. Therefore, kissing a child during the Tashahhud does not invalidate the prayer, even though the general prohibition is clear and established.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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