✅ Answer: Please refer to the following narrations:

1⃣کَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الْفُضَیْلِ الْبَصْرِیُّ إِلَی أَبِی الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا علیه السلام یَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْوَصِیِّ یُزَکِّی زَکَاةَ الْفِطْرَةِ عَنِ الْیَتَامَی إِذَا کَانَ لَهُمْ مَالٌ فَکَتَبَ علیه السلام لَا زَکَاةَ عَلَی یَتِیمٍ.

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 177

Muhammad bin Qasim bin Fazil wrote a letter to Imam Reza, peace be upon him, asking about the guardian and whether they should pay the Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of the orphans. The Imam replied: There is no Zakat on the orphan!

2⃣عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ وَ الْحُسَیْنِ بْنِ سَعِیدٍ جَمِیعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِی عُمَیْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَیْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: لَیْسَ فِی مَالِ الْیَتِیمِ زَکَاةٌ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 26

Imam Baqir, peace be upon him, said: There is no Zakat on the orphan's wealth!

3⃣عن عَلِیِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِیهِ مُوسَی بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قال: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْیَتِیمِ مَتَی یَنْقَطِعُ یُتْمُهُ قَالَ إِذَا احْتَلَمَ و عَرَفَ الْأَخْذَ و الْعَطَاءَ

📚 Qurb al-Isnad, p. 119

Ali bin Ja'far said: I asked Musa bin Ja'far, peace be upon him, when the orphan's period of orphanhood ends. He replied: When they reach puberty and recognize trade!

4⃣عن جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عن أَبِیهِ عن آبَائِهِ فِی وَصِیَّةِ النَّبِیِّ لِعَلِیٍّ قَالَ یا عَلِیُّ لَا یُتْمَ بَعْدَ احْتِلَام

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 4, p. 361

The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said in his will to Amir al-Mu'minin, peace be upon him: O Ali! There is no orphanhood after puberty!

5⃣قال الصَّادِقُ إِذَا بَکَی الْیَتِیمُ اهْتَزَّ لَهُ الْعَرْشُ فَیَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَکَ و تَعَالَی مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِی أَبْکَی عَبْدِیَ الَّذِی سَلَبْتُهُ أَبَوَیْهِ فی صِغَرِهِ فَوَ عِزَّتِی و جَلَالِی و ارْتِفَاعِی فی مَکَانِی لَا یُسْکِتُهُ عَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ إِلَّا وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 188

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: When the orphan cries, the Throne of Allah shakes! Then Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says: Who is it that made My servant, whom I took his parents from in childhood, cry? By My Glory and Majesty, I swear that no one will silence him except that Paradise becomes obligatory for him!

6⃣عن یزید الکناسی عن أبی جعفر قال: الْجَارِیَةُ إِذَا بَلَغَتْ تِسْعَ سِنِینَ ذَهَبَ عَنْهَا الْیُتْمُ وَ زُوِّجَتْ وَ أُقِیمَتْ عَلَیْهَا الْحُدُودُ التَّامَّةُ لَهَا وَ عَلَیْهَا

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 198

Imam Baqir, peace be upon him, said: When a girl reaches 9 years old, orphanhood leaves her, and full legal limits are applied to her and against her!

7⃣عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: کُلُّ مَنْ ضَمَمْتَ إِلَی عِیَالِکَ مِنْ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوکٍ فَعَلَیْکَ أَنْ تُؤَدِّیَ الْفِطْرَةَ عَنْهُ الْحَدِیثَ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 170

Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: It is your responsibility to pay Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of anyone you have included in your household, whether they are free or enslaved!

✅ According to the above narrations and others, an orphan is legally defined as a child who has lost either one or both parents and has not yet reached puberty. Once they reach puberty, their orphan status ends, whether they are a boy or a girl. However, a child who has only lost their mother and whose father is alive is not considered an orphan and does not have the legal status of an orphan.

✅ According to narrations 1⃣ and 2⃣ and others, there is no Zakat al-Fitr on an orphan's expenses if they are covered by a guardian or executor from their inheritance, even if they have substantial wealth.

✅ However, according to narration 7⃣ and others, if an individual assumes full responsibility for an orphan's expenses and includes them in their household, they are obligated to pay Zakat al-Fitr on their behalf.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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