✅ Answer: Consider the following narrations:

1⃣عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَرْبَعُ صَلَوَاتٍ يُصَلِّيهَا الرَّجُلُ فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ صَلَاةٌ فَاتَتْكَ فَمَتَى مَا ذَكَرْتَهَا أَدَّيْتَهَا وَ صَلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْ طَوَافِ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَ صَلَاةُ الْكُسُوفِ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ هَذِهِ يُصَلِّيهِنَّ الرَّجُلُ فِي السَّاعَاتِ كُلِّهَا

📚 Al-Faqih, vol. 1, p. 434

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'There are four prayers that a person can perform at any time: the missed prayers (Qadha) that whenever you remember them, you can perform them, two units of Tawaf prayer, the Solar Eclipse prayer, and the prayer for the deceased. These prayers can be performed at any time.'

2⃣حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَباعَبْداللَّه عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ فَذَكَرَ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ أَوْ عِنْدَ غُرُوبِهَا قال فَلْيُصَلِّ حِينَ يَذْكُرُ

📚 Al-Faqih, vol. 1, p. 360

Hammad asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a person who has missed some prayers and remembers them at the time of sunrise or sunset. The Imam replied: 'Whenever he remembers, he should perform those prayers.'

3⃣عن زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَر أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّی بِغَیْرِ طَهُورٍ أَوْ نَسِیَ صَلَوَاتٍ لَمْ یُصَلِّهَا أَوْ نَامَ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ یَقْضِیهَا إِذَا ذَکَرَهَا فِی أَیِّ سَاعَةٍ ذَکَرَهَا مِنْ لَیْلٍ أَوْ نَهَار.

📚 Tahzib, vol. 2, p. 266

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) was asked about a person who prayed without being in a state of ritual purity, or forgot some prayers and did not perform them, or fell asleep and missed them. The Imam said: 'At any hour of the night or day that he remembers, he must perform their Qadha.'

4⃣عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قال: قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةٌ مِنْ صَلَاةِ السَّفَرِ فَذَکَرَهَا فِی الْحَضَرِ قَالَ یَقْضِی مَا فَاتَهُ کَمَا فَاتَهُ إِنْ کَانَتْ صَلَاةَ السَّفَرِ أَدَّاهَا فِی الْحَضَرِ مِثْلَهَا وَ إِنْ کَانَتْ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ فَلْیَقْضِ فِی السَّفَرِ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ کَمَا فَاتَتْهُ

📚 Kafi, vol. 3, p. 235

Zurarah says: 'I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): A person misses a prayer from the travel prayers, and he remembers it while in the homeland. The Imam said: 'He must perform it as if he were performing a traveler's prayer in the homeland. If it is a prayer from the non-travel prayers, while on a journey, he should perform it the same way it was missed, four units.'

5⃣ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ فِی حَدِیثٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَکُونُ عَلَیْهِ صَلَاةٌ فِی الْحَضَرِ هَلْ یَقْضِیهَا وَ هُوَ مُسَافِرٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ یَقْضِیهَا بِاللَّیْلِ عَلَی الْأَرْضِ فَأَمَّا عَلَی الظَّهْرِ فَلَا وَ یُصَلِّی کَمَا یُصَلِّی فِی الْحَضَرِ.

📚 Al-Tahzib, vol. 2, p. 273

In a narration from Ammar, he says: 'I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a person who is responsible for a prayer in his homeland, whether he can perform it while traveling?' The Imam replied: 'Yes, he performs it on the ground at night, but while on the back of a riding animal, he recites it as he does in his homeland.'

6⃣عن زرارة عن أبی جعفر قال: إِذَا نَسِیَ الرَّجُلُ صَلَاةً أَوْ صَلَّاهَا بِغَیْرِ طَهُورٍ وَ هُوَ مُقِیمٌ أَوْ مُسَافِرٌ فَذَکَرَهَا فَلْیَقْضِ الَّذِی وَجَبَ عَلَیْهِ لَا یَزِیدُ عَلَی ذَلِکَ وَ لَا یَنْقُصُ مَنْ نَسِیَ أَرْبَعاً فَلْیَقْضِ أَرْبَعاً مُسَافِراً کَانَ أَوْ مُقِیماً وَ إِنْ نَسِیَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ صَلَّی رَکْعَتَیْنِ إِذَا ذَکَرَ مُسَافِراً کَانَ أَوْ مُقِیماً

📚 Al-Tahzib, vol. 3, p. 225

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'When a traveler or a resident forgets a prayer or prays it without being in a state of ritual purity, and then remembers it, he must perform what is obligatory upon him, neither adding to it nor subtracting from it. If one forgets the four-unit prayer, whether traveling or at home, he must perform four units, and if one forgets the two-unit prayer, when remembered, he must perform two units, whether traveling or at home.'

✅ According to the above narrations and others, all missed prayers, both in the homeland and during travel, can be performed during the day or night. However, they should be performed exactly as they were missed, and whether one is a traveler or a resident, one should not pay attention to it during the Qadha and should not perform it while riding.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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