✅ Answer: Please refer to the following narrations:

1⃣عن مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قال: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ یَرْکَبُ الْقُبَّةَ فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَالْمَرْأَةُ الْمُحْرِمَةُ قَالَ نَعَم

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 312

Muhammad bin Muslim says: I asked Imam Baqir or Imam Sadiq (peace be upon them) about a man in Ihram riding a vehicle with a dome and roof. The Imam said: No! I asked: What about a woman in Ihram? He said: Yes!

2⃣عن هشام بن سالم قال: سَأَلْتُ أَبَاعَبْداللَّه عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ یَرْکَبُ فِی الْکَنِیسَةِ فَقَالَ لَا وَ هُوَ لِلنِّسَاءِ جَائِزٌ

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 312

Hisham says: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a man in Ihram riding in a covered vehicle; he said: No! And this is permissible for women!

3⃣عن إسحاق بن عمار عن أَبِی الْحَسَن قال: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ یُظَلِّلُ عَلَیْهِ و هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا مَرِیضٌ أَوْ مَنْ بِهِ عِلَّةٌ وَ الَّذِی لَا یُطِیقُ الشَّمْس

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 309

Isaac says: I asked Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) about a man in Ihram using a canopy. The Imam said: No! Unless he is sick or has an affliction or cannot endure the sun!

4⃣عثمان بن عیسی الکلابی قال: قُلْتُ لِأَبِی الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ إِنَّ عَلِیَّ بْنَ شِهَابٍ یَشْکُو رَأْسَهُ وَ الْبَرْدُ شَدِیدٌ وَ یُرِیدُ أَنْ یُحْرِمَ فَقَالَ إِنْ کَانَ کَمَا زَعَمَ فَلْیُظَلِّلْ و أَمَّا أَنْتَ فَاضْحَ لِمَنْ أَحْرَمْتَ لَهُ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 351

Uthman says: I told Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) that Ali bin Shihab has a headache, the weather is cold, and he wants to be in Ihram. The Imam said: If that is the case, he can use a canopy, but you, the one who is making him enter Ihram, should remain under the sun!

5⃣عن زرارة قال: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ أَ یَتَغَطَّی قَالَ أَمَّا مِنَ الْحَرِّ وَ الْبَرْدِ فَلَا

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 352

Zurarah says: I asked the Imam about a man in Ihram using a cover. The Imam said: Not for protection from heat or cold!

6⃣حریز عن أبی عبداللَّه قال: لَا بَأْسَ بِالْقُبَّةِ عَلَی النِّسَاءِ وَ الصِّبْیَانِ وَ هُمْ مُحْرِمُون

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 312

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: It is permissible for women and children in Ihram to be placed under a dome or canopy!

7⃣عن علی بن محمد قال: کَتَبْتُ إِلَیْهِ الْمُحْرِمُ هَلْ یُظَلِّلُ عَلَی نَفْسِهِ إِذَا آذَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ أَوِ الْمَطَرُ أَوْ کَانَ مَرِیضاً أَمْ لَا فَإِنْ ظَلَّلَ هَلْ یَجِبُ عَلَیْهِ الْفِدَاءُ أَمْ لَا فَکَتَبَ یُظَلِّلُ عَلَی نَفْسِهِ و یُهَرِیقُ دَماً إِنْ شَاءاللَّه

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 310

Ali bin Muhammad says: I wrote to the Imam (peace be upon him): Can a man in Ihram use a canopy if the sun or rain harms him, or if he is sick? And if he uses a canopy, does he have to offer a sacrifice? The Imam wrote: He can use a canopy and must offer a sacrifice. Insha'Allah.

8⃣محمد بن إسماعیل قال: سَأَلْتُ أَباالْحَسَنِ عَنِ الظِّلِّ لِلْمُحْرِمِ مِنْ أَذَی مَطَرٍ أَوْ شَمْسٍ فقال أَرَی أَنْ یَفْدِیَهُ بِشَاةٍ و یَذْبَحَهَا بِمِنًی

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 334

9⃣عن إبراهیم بن أبی محمود قال: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا الْمُحْرِمُ یُظَلِّلُ عَلَی مَحْمِلِهِ و یَفْدِی إِذَا کَانَتِ الشَّمسُ و الْمَطَرُ یُضِرَّانِ بِهِ قال نَعَمْ قُلْتُ کَمِ الْفِدَاء قال شَاةٌ

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 5, p. 311

Ibrahim says: I told Imam Ridha (peace be upon him): If a man in Ihram is harmed by the sun or rain, can he use a canopy on his litter and offer a sacrifice? The Imam replied: Yes! I asked: How much is the sacrifice? He said: One sheep!

✅ Based on the above narrations and others, a man in Ihram cannot ride a covered vehicle and should not use it to protect himself from heat, cold, sun, rain, or similar conditions.

✅ Women and children are exempt from this ruling and are allowed to ride covered vehicles.

✅ A person who is compelled to ride a covered vehicle due to illness or another reason does not incur a sin, but they must offer the required sacrifice, which is one sheep. A man who rides without a valid excuse has sinned, and the sacrifice of one sheep is obligatory upon him.

✅ There is no difference between day and night in the above narrations, and the prohibition of using a canopy is not limited to sun exposure only; heat, cold, and rain are also mentioned. Therefore, riding a covered vehicle at night is also subject to the rulings mentioned in these narrations.

For more details, refer here👇

https://t.me/porseshvapasokhe/3101