✅ Answer: Please consider the following narrations:

1⃣عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا قال: إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ التَّسْلِیمُ تَحْلِیلَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ لَمْ یُجْعَلْ بَدَلُهَا تَکْبِیراً أَوْ تَسْبِیحاً أَوْ ضَرْباً آخَرَ لِأَنَّهُ لَمَّا کَانَ الدُّخُولُ فِی الصَّلَاةِ تَحْرِیمَ الْکَلَامِ لِلْمَخْلُوقِینَ وَ التَّوَجُّهَ إِلَی الْخَالِقِ کَانَ تَحْلِیلُهَا کَلَامَ الْمَخْلُوقِینَ وَ الِانْتِقَالَ عَنْهَا وَ ابْتِدَاءُ الْمَخْلُوقِینَ فِی الْکَلَامِ أَوَّلًا بِالتَّسْلِیمِ.

📚 Al-'Ilal al-Shara'i, p. 262

Imam Ridha (peace be upon him) said: Indeed, salutations (salām) have been made the permissible part of prayer, and no other words like Takbir or Tasbih have been substituted for it. This is because when entering prayer, speaking to creation becomes forbidden, and attention is directed to the Creator. Therefore, the permissible part of prayer is speaking to creation, and the beginning of speaking to creation is first with greeting (salām)!

2⃣عن أَبِی بَصِیرٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّه قال: إِنْ تَکَلَّمْتَ أَوْ صَرَفْتَ وَجْهَکَ عَنِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَأَعِدِ الصَّلَاةَ

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 366

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: If you speak during prayer or turn your face away from the Qiblah, repeat your prayer!

3⃣قَالَ الصَّادِقُ کُلُّ مَا نَاجَیْتَ بِهِ رَبَّکَ فِی الصَّلَاةِ فَلَیْسَ بِکَلَامٍ.

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 317

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Anything with which you speak to your Lord in prayer is not considered speech!

4⃣عَنِ الْحَلَبِیِّ قال: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْداللَّه کُلُّ مَا ذَکَرْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّوَجَلَّ بِهِ وَ النَّبِیَّ فَهُوَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ إِنْ قُلْتَ السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ فَقَدِ انْصَرَفْتَ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 338

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Anything with which you remember Allah, the Almighty and Glorious, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) during prayer is part of the prayer. But if you say, 'As-salāmu alayna wa 'ala 'ibādillāh al-ṣāliḥīn,' you have definitely deviated from the prayer and exited it!

5⃣ عن عَبْداللَّه بْنِ سِنَانٍ قال سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عبداللَّه عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَذْكُرُ النَّبِيَّ و هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ إِمَّا رَاكِعاً و إِمَّا سَاجِداً فَيُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ كَهَيْئَةِ التَّكْبِيرِ وَ التَّسْبِيحِ و هِيَ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ يَبْتَدِرُهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ مَلَكاً أَيُّهُمْ يُبَلِّغُهَا إِيَّاهُ

📚 Tahdhīb, Vol. 2, p. 299

Abdullah bin Sanan said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a person who mentions the Prophet (peace be upon him) and sends salutations upon him while in the Ruku' or Sajda of obligatory prayer. The Imam said: Yes! Indeed, sending salutations upon the Prophet (peace be upon him) is like Takbir and Tasbih, and it is ten good deeds for which eighteen angels hasten to see which one can deliver them to him!

6⃣عن عَلِیِّ بْنِ مَهْزِیَارَ قال: سَأَلْتُ أَبَاجَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ یَتَکَلَّمُ فی صَلَاةِ الْفَرِیضَةِ بِکُلِّ شَیْءٍ یُنَاجِی بِهِ رَبَّهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ

📚 Tahdhīb, Vol. 2, p. 326

Ali bin Mahziyar said: I asked Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) about a person who speaks in his prayer with whatever he uses to converse with his Lord. He said: Yes!

7⃣عن حماد بن عیسی عن بعض أَصحابه عن أَبی عبداللَّه قال: کُلُّ مَا کَلَّمْتَ اللَّهَ بِهِ فی صَلَاةِ الْفَرِیضَةِ فَلَا بَأْس

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 302

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Whatever you speak with in obligatory prayer to Allah is not problematic!

✅ Based on the above narrations and others, any type of supplication and speaking to Allah during prayer is without issue. Although, according to narration 4⃣, mentioning the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his family (peace be upon them) during prayer is permissible, to ensure that this mentioning does not take the prohibited form of speech with creation as mentioned in narration 1⃣ and others, it should, according to narration 5⃣ and others, be in the form of sending salutations and prayers, so that the mention of them remains in the form of supplication and conversation with the Lord, and not as speaking to creation. Therefore, we avoid addressing the Prophet and his family (peace be upon them) during prayer to avoid any violation of the prayer's limits as prescribed in the narrations. Insha'Allah

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ و الْعَافِیَةَ و النَّصْر

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