Answer
✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:
1 عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَر قَالَ: تُؤَذِّنُ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَی غَیْرِ وُضُوءٍ فِی ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ قَائِماً أَوْ قَاعِداً وَ أَیْنَمَا تَوَجَّهْتَ وَ لَکِنْ إِذَا أَقَمْتَ فَعَلَی وُضُوءٍ مُتَهَیِّئاً لِلصَّلَاةِ.
📚Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 282
Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'You may say the adhan without ablution, in a single garment, while standing or sitting, and in whatever direction you are going. But when you say the iqamah, be with ablution and ready for prayer!'
2 عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِی نَصْرٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: یُؤَذِّنُ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ وَ یُؤَذِّنُ وَ هُوَ رَاکِبٌ.
📚Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 282
Imam Ridha (peace be upon him) said: 'A person may say the adhan while sitting, and a person may say the adhan while riding!'
3 عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ یُؤَذِّنُ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَا یُقِیمُ إِلَّا وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ.
📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 56
Muhammad ibn Muslim said: 'I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'May a person say the adhan while sitting?' He said: 'Yes, but he should not say the iqamah except while standing!'
4 عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِی نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِی الْحَسَنِ قَالَ : یُؤَذِّنُ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ وَ لَا یُقِمْ إِلَّا وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ وَ تُؤَذِّنُ وَ أَنْتَ رَاکِبٌ وَ لَا تُقِمْ إِلَّا وَ أَنْتَ عَلَی الْأَرْضِ
📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 305
Imam Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him) said: 'A person may say the adhan while sitting, but he should not say the iqamah except while standing, and you may say the adhan while riding, but do not say the iqamah except when you are on the ground!'
5 عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ یُؤَذِّنُ وَ هُوَ یَمْشِی أَوْ عَلَی ظَهْرِ دَابَّتِهِ وَ عَلَی غَیْرِ طَهُورٍ فَقَالَ إِذَا کَانَ التَّشَهُّدُ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 56
Muhammad said: 'I asked Imam Baqir or Sadiq (peace be upon them) about a person who says the adhan while walking or on his mount and without ablution.' The Imam said: 'There is no problem as long as the testimony (of the adhan) is facing the qibla!'
6 رَوَی أَبُو بَصِیرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ علیه السلام أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تُؤَذِّنَ رَاکِباً أَوْ مَاشِیاً أَوْ عَلَی غَیْرِ وُضُوءٍ وَ لَا تُقِمْ وَ أَنْتَ رَاکِبٌ وَ لَا جَالِسٌ إِلَّا مِنْ عُذْرٍ أَوْ تَکُونَ فِی أَرْضٍ مَلَصَّةٍ
📚Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 282
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'There is no problem in saying the adhan while standing or walking or without ablution, and do not say the iqamah while riding or sitting except for an excuse or if you are in a land of thieves!'
7 عَنْ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَر عَنِ الْأَذَانِ جَالِساً قَالَ لَا یُؤَذِّنُ جَالِساً إِلَّا رَاکِبٌ أَوْ مَرِیضٌ.
📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 57
Humran said: 'I asked Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) about a sitting adhan.' The Imam said: 'One should not say the adhan while sitting except a rider or a sick person!'
8 عَنْ سُلَیْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ: لَا یُقِیمُ أَحَدُکُمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ هُوَ مَاشٍ وَ لَا رَاکِبٌ وَ لَا مُضْطَجِعٌ إِلَّا أَنْ یَکُونَ مَرِیضاً وَ لْیَتَمَکَّنْ فِی الْإِقَامَةِ کَمَا یَتَمَکَّنُ فِی الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا أَخَذَ فِی الْإِقَامَةِ فَهُوَ فِی صَلَاةٍ.
📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 306
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'None of you should say the iqamah while walking, riding, or lying on his side, unless he is sick and remains fixed in his place during the iqamah as he would in prayer, for when he begins the iqamah, he is in prayer!'
✅Based on the above and other narrations, the adhan can be said while riding, walking, sitting, and without ablution, although it is better for a person who is not sick or a rider not to say the adhan while sitting.
But the iqamah must be said while standing, ready for prayer, and with ablution, unless the person is sick and has an excuse and cannot say the iqamah while standing.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
If Allah wills
100 times every night
اللَّهُمَّ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر