Zakat

✅ Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الضَّيْفُ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ فَيَحْضُرُ يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ يُؤَدِّي عَنْهُ الْفِطْرَةَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ الْفِطْرَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنْ يَعُولُ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ.

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 2, p. 178

📚 Al-Kafi Vol. 4, p. 173

Umar ibn Yazid said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a man who has a guest from his brothers with him, and then the day of Fitr arrives. Should he pay Zakat al-Fitr on his behalf? The Imam said: Yes! Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory on everyone, whether male or female, young or old, free or slave, whose sustenance and food he provides!

2 عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: كُلُّ مَنْ ضَمَمْتَ إِلَى عِيَالِكَ مِنْ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ فَعَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُؤَدِّيَ الْفِطْرَةَ عَنْهُ الْحَدِيثَ.

📚 Al-Kafi Vol. 4, p. 170

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Whoever you add to your family, whether free or slave, then it is on you to pay Zakat al-Fitr on their behalf!

3 قَالَ الشَّيْخُ فِي الْخِلَافِ رَوَى أَصْحَابُنَا أَنَّ مَنْ أَضَافَ إِنْسَاناً طُولَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ تَكَفَّلَ بِعَيْلُولَتِهِ لَزِمَتْهُ فِطْرَتُهُ.

📚 Al-Khilaf p. 209

Sheikh Tusi said: Our companions have narrated that indeed whoever hosts a person throughout the month of Ramadan and takes on their sustenance, their Fitrah is obligatory upon him!

4 عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ بُكَيْرٍ ابْنَيْ أَعْيَنَ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه أَنَّهُمَا قَالا عَلَى الرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ عَنْ كُلِّ مَنْ يَعُولُ مِنْ حُرٍّ وَ عَبْدٍ صَغِيرٍ وَ كَبِيرٍ يُعْطِي يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ وَ هُوَ فِي سَعَةٍ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ يَدْخُلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ...

📚 Tahdhib Vol. 4, p. 76

Imam Baqir and Imam Sadiq (peace be upon them) said: It is the man's responsibility to give (Fitrah) on behalf of all his family, whether free or slave, young or old, on the day of Eid al-Fitr, and this is more preferable, and he has leeway and is permitted to pay it from the first day the month of Ramadan begins until its end....

✅ Based on the first narration and the generality of the second narration and the like, if a guest is with a person during Ramadan and stays with them until 'Yawm al-Fitr', which according to narrations mentioned in question 971 begins at sunset, they are obligated to pay Zakat al-Fitr for them.

✅ The third narration is a report of the meaning, and given the absence of a specific narration other than hadith 1, it is likely a report of the meaning of the same hadith, and its words cannot be considered the exact statement of the Imam, nor can a specific ruling be extracted from it.

✅ No other specific details about a guest, other than hadith 1, have been received, and the apparent meaning of its text indicates that it does not matter how much of Ramadan that person spent as a guest, and with the existing narration, a person who becomes a guest of someone before the sunset of the last day of Ramadan and remains their guest until the arrival of 'Yawm al-Fitr', which begins at the time of the Maghrib Adhan, the payment of their Zakat al-Fitr becomes the host's responsibility.

✅ No other specific narration has been received to elaborate on the generalities of hadith 1.

✅ However, based on narration 4 and others, it is more preferable that Zakat al-Fitr be paid on the day of Eid al-Fitr, but a person has this permission and leeway to pay Zakat al-Fitr from the first day of Ramadan until its end.

Therefore, if someone uses this permission and leeway and pays their Zakat al-Fitr during Ramadan, they have fulfilled the obligation of Zakat al-Fitr, and if they then become a guest of someone and are their guest until the day of Eid al-Fitr, nothing of the Zakat al-Fitr is their responsibility for the host to want to pay it, and their Zakat al-Fitr is waived from the host.

اللَّهُمَّ فَصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ