Question 1451: If a woman menstruates at the end of the day during Ramadan, does she have to complete that day's fast?
Answer
✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:
1 عَنِ الْحَلَبِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَصْبَحَتْ صَائِمَةً فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ أَوْ کَانَ الْعَشِیُّ حَاضَتْ أَ تُفْطِرُ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ کَانَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ فَلْتُفْطِرْ...
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 4, p. 135
Halabi said: I asked Imam Sadiq (prayers of God be upon him) about a woman who begins her fast in the morning and when the day is well advanced or at the end of the day she menstruates, should she break her fast? The Imam said: 'Yes, and she breaks her fast even if it is at the time of sunset!'
2 عَنْ عِیصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَطْمَثُ فِی شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَغِیبَ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ تُفْطِرُ حِینَ تَطْمَثُ.
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 4, p. 135
Is said: I asked Imam Sadiq (prayers of God be upon him) about a woman who menstruates in Ramadan before sunset. The Imam said: 'She breaks her fast at the very moment she menstruates!'
3 عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: أَیَّ سَاعَةٍ رَأَتِ الدَّمَ فَهِیَ تُفَطِّرُ الصَّائِمَةَ إِذَا طَمِثَتْ...
📚 Al-Tahdhib, vol. 1, p. 394
Imam Sadiq (prayers of God be upon him) said: 'At whatever hour a woman sees blood, it makes the fasting woman break her fast if she menstruates!'
4 عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَرَی الدَّمَ غُدْوَةً أَوِ ارْتِفَاعَ النَّهَارِ أَوْ عِنْدَ الزَّوَالِ قَالَ تُفْطِرُ وَ إِذَا کَانَ ذَلِکَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ أَوْ بَعْدَ الزَّوَالِ فَلْتَمْضِ عَلَی صَوْمِهَا وَ لْتَقْضِ ذَلِکَ الْیَوْمَ.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, vol. 1, p. 393
Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked Imam Baqir (prayers of God be upon him) about a woman who sees blood in the morning, or when the day is well advanced, or at noon. The Imam said: 'She breaks her fast, and if this happens after the afternoon or after noon, she should continue her fast but make up that day!'
5 عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا فِی کِتَابِهِ إِلَی الْمَأْمُونِ وَ الْحَائِضُ تَتْرُکُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا تَقْضِی وَ تَتْرُکُ الصَّوْمَ وَ تَقْضِی.
📚 Uyun Akhbar al-Reza, vol. 2, p. 124
Imam Reza (prayers of God be upon him) wrote to Ma'mun: 'A menstruating woman leaves the prayer and does not have to make it up, and she leaves the fast and has to make it up!'
✅ Based on the above narrations and others, a woman is obligated to abandon fasting during her menstruation and make it up after Ramadan. If a woman menstruates at any hour of the day, she should break her fast and is obligated to make it up after Ramadan, even if her menstruation begins near sunset.
✅ However, in hadith 4 , it is recommended that if a woman's menstruation in Ramadan occurs after noon or after the afternoon, she should continue her fast but make it up. Although, according to other narrations, it is not obligatory for her to continue the fast, and if she menstruates after noon or after the afternoon, she can break her fast, eat, and drink, and only the making up of that day's fast is her responsibility until before the next year's Ramadan.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر