✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنْ زَیْد الشَّحَّام قال: دَخَلَ قَتَادَةُ بْنُ دِعَامَةَ عَلَی أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ یَا قَتَادَةُ أَنْتَ فَقِیهُ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ فقال هَکَذَا یَزْعُمُونَ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ بَلَغَنِی أَنَّکَ تُفَسِّرُ الْقُرْآنَ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَتَادَةُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ بعلم تفسره أم بجهل؟ قال لا بعلم، فقال له أبو جعفر فَإِنْ کُنْتَ تُفَسِّرُهُ بِعِلْمٍ فَأَنْتَ أَنْتَ و أَنَا أَسْأَلُکَ إِلَی أَنْ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ وَیْحَکَ یَا قَتَادَةُ إِنْ کُنْتَ إِنَّمَا فَسَّرْتَ الْقُرْآنَ مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ نَفْسِکَ فَقَدْ هَلَکْتَ و أَهْلَکْتَ و إِنْ کُنْتَ قَدْ فَسَّرْتَهُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَقَدْ هَلَکْتَ وَ أَهْلَکْتَ وَیْحَکَ یا قَتَادَةُ إِنَّمَا یَعْرِفُ الْقُرْآنَ مَنْ خُوطِبَ بِهِ

📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 8, p. 311

Zayd al-Shahham said: Qatada came to Imam Baqir (peace be upon him). The Imam said to him: 'O Qatada! Are you the jurist of the people of Basra?' He said: 'They think so.' The Imam said: 'I have been informed that you interpret the Qur'an!' Qatada said to him: 'Yes!' The Imam said to him: 'Do you interpret with knowledge or with ignorance?' He said: 'No, with knowledge!' The Imam said to him: 'If you interpret with knowledge, then you are the one (you should be), and I will question you!...' until the Imam said: 'Woe to you, O Qatada! If you interpret the Qur'an from yourself, you have certainly perished and caused others to perish, and if you interpret by taking from men, you have certainly perished and caused others to perish! O Qatada! Indeed, the Qur'an is known only by the one who was addressed by the Qur'an!'

2 عن بعض أصحابنا رفعه إِلی أَبی عبداللَّه قال: مَنْ صَلَّی فی سَفَرِهِ أَرْبَعَ رَکَعَاتٍ فَأَنَا إِلَی اللَّهِ مِنْهُ بَرِیءٌ

📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 218

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever prays four rak'ahs on his journey, I am innocent of him before Allah!'

3 عن زرارة عن أَبِی جَعْفَر قال: حَجَّ النَّبِیُّ فَأَقَامَ بِمِنًی ثَلَاثاً یُصَلِّی رَکْعَتَیْن

📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 518

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) performed Hajj and stayed in Mina for three days, and he prayed two rak'ahs!

4 سُئِلَ الصَّادقُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ یَخْرُجُ یُشَیِّعُ أَخَاهُ مَسِیرَةَ یَوْمَیْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ کانَ فی شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلْیُفْطِرْ

📚Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 140

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) was asked about a person who goes out for two days' journey to see off his religious brother; the Imam said: 'If it is in the month of Ramadan, he must break his fast!'

5 عن زرارة عن أبی جعفر قال: قُلْتُ لَهُ صَلَاةُ الْخَوْفِ و صَلَاةُ السَّفَرِ تُقْصَرَانِ جَمِیعاً قال نَعَمْ و صَلَاةُ الْخَوْفِ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تُقْصَرَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ السَّفَرِ لِأَنَّ فِیهَا خَوْفاً

📚Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 464

Zurarah said: I said to Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): 'Are the prayer of fear and the prayer of travel both shortened?' He said: 'Yes! And the prayer of fear is more deserving of being shortened than the prayer of a traveler, for there is fear in it!'

6 عن زرارة ومحمد بن مسلم أَنَّهُمَا قالا قُلْنا لأبی جعفر ما تَقُولُ فی الصَّلَاةِ فِی السَّفَرِ کَیْفَ هی و کَمْ هی فقال إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّوَجَلَّ یَقُولُ و إِذا ضَرَبْتُمْ فی الْأَرْضِ فَلَیْس عَلَیْکُمْ جُناحٌ أَنْ تَقْصُرُوا مِنَ الصَّلاة فَصَارَ التَّقْصِیرُ فِی السَّفر واجباً کَوُجُوبِ التَّمَام فی الْحَضر

📚Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 434

Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim said: We said to Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): 'What do you say about the prayer of travel? How and how much is it?' The Imam said: 'Indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, says (in Surah An-Nisa, Verse 101): 'And when you travel in the land, there is no blame upon you for shortening the prayer...' So shortening the prayer in travel is as obligatory as praying the full prayer in one's homeland!'

✅ Based on dozens of narrations transmitted from the exclusive interpreters of the Qur'an, in travel, the prayer is shortened and the fast is broken, and its limits and rulings have been expressed in multiple narrations by the Infallibles.

However, some who consider themselves 'Qur'anists', disregarding the interpretations narrated under verse 101 of Surah An-Nisa, have limited the shortening of prayer to specific travels and without reducing the number of rak'ahs of the prayer, and have caused the deviation of their followers, while the Qur'an is known only by the one who was addressed by it, and they are none other than the infallible Imams (peace be upon them), and they have clearly stated the obligation of the two-rak'ah prayer in all types of travel with the necessary conditions.

✅ But what is the duty regarding past prayers?

https://feghh14.com/en/783