Answer
✅Answer:
عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ افْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الْوُضُوءُ وَ تَحْرِیمُهَا التَّکْبِیرُ وَ تَحْلِیلُهَا التَّسْلِیمُ
📚 Al-Kafi, vol. 3, p. 69
Translation: Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of God (peace of God be upon him and his family) said: The beginning of prayer is ablution, and its prohibition is with 'Allahu Akbar' and its permission is with 'giving the salutation'.
✅In many narrations, it is mentioned that at the end of the prayer, a salutation should be given. Regarding the manner of giving the salutation, pay attention to the following narration:
عَنْ أَبِی بَصِیرٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِذَا کُنْتَ إِمَاماً فَإِنَّمَا التَّسْلِیمُ أَنْ تُسَلِّمَ عَلَی النَّبِیِّ عَلَیْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ وَ تَقُولَ السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ فَإِذَا قُلْتَ ذَلِکَ فَقَدِ انْقَطَعَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ثُمَّ تُؤْذِنَ الْقَوْمَ فَتَقُولَ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ السَّلَامُ عَلَیْکُمْ وَ کَذَلِکَ إِذَا کُنْتَ وَحْدَکَ تَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ مِثْلَ مَا سَلَّمْتَ وَ أَنْتَ إِمَامٌ فَإِذَا کُنْتَ فِی جَمَاعَةٍ فَقُلْ مِثْلَ مَا قُلْتَ وَ سَلِّمْ عَلَی مَنْ عَلَی یَمِینِکَ وَ شِمَالِکَ فَإِنْ لَمْ یَکُنْ عَلَی شِمَالِکَ أَحَدٌ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَی الَّذِینَ عَلَی یَمِینِکَ وَ لَا تَدَعِ التَّسْلِیمَ عَلَی یَمِینِکَ إِنْ لَمْ یَکُنْ عَلَی شِمَالِکَ أَحَدٌ
📚 Tahdhib, vol. 2, p. 93
Translation: Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: When you are the prayer leader, the salutation is that you give salutation to the Prophet, upon whom and his family be blessings (i.e., you say: 'Assalamu 'alayka ayyuha al-nabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh') and (then) you say:
السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ
So when you have said these, your prayer is ended and completed. Then you give permission to the followers and facing the qibla you say:
السَّلَامُ عَلَیْکُمْ
And similarly, when you are alone (praying individually) (after the salutation to the Prophet, peace of God be upon him and his family), you say the same as when you are the prayer leader:
السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ
And when you are in a congregational prayer, give these same salutations and also give salutation to your right and left sides. And if there is no one on your left side, give salutation to those on your right side. And in case there is no one on your left side, do not abandon giving salutation to the right side.
✅According to the above narration, in individual prayer and when we are the prayer leader, after saying:
السلام علیک أیها النبي و رحمة الله و برکاته السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ
We say: 'Assalamu 'alaykum'. And if we are a follower, we say 'Assalamu 'alaykum' twice.
Of course, in some narrations, the final salutation is mentioned as 'Assalamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullah' and in some other narrations 'Assalamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh', all of which are acceptable to act upon.
✅Also, in the hadith 📚 Tahdhib, vol. 2, p. 93, Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him) said: Whether he is the prayer leader or not, he gives a single salutation.
That is: everyone, even the follower, can say the final salutation once.
✅In some narrations, the first two salutations have been included in the second tashahhud of the prayer along with other ذكرs and salutations, and they have said to give the salutation after that (i.e., say: 'Assalamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh').
✅In the hadith 📚 Khisal, vol. 2, p. 604, Imam al-Ridha (peace be upon him) wrote in a letter to Ma'mun (may God be against him): In the first tashahhud of the prayer (i.e., the tashahhud of the second rak'ah), 'Assalamu 'alayna wa 'ala 'ibadillah al-salihin' should not be said, because the permissibility of the prayer is by giving the salutation, and when you say this salutation, you have indeed given the salutation.
✅From the above narration, the permission to omit 'Assalamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh' is clear.
Also, in the narration 📚 Tahdhib, vol. 3, p. 49, the Imam said to Hadrami: Give one salutation without turning and say:
السَّلَامُ عَلَیْکَ أَیُّهَا النَّبِیُّ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَکَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَیْکُمْ
✅According to the above hadith, after finishing the tashahhud, the prayer can also be ended by giving this salutation.
✅Of course, acting upon the first hadith and saying all the salutations is better and more certain.
✅A long and complete tashahhud and salutation have been mentioned in a hadith in the book Tahdhib, which we will mention in the next section due to its length, so that it may be acted upon and used, if God wills.
✅Mention of the comprehensive tashahhud and salutation from Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him):
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: When you sit for the tashahhud in the second rak'ah, say:
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ خَیْرُ الْأَسْمَاءِ لِلَّهِ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِیکَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِیراً وَ نَذِیراً بَیْنَ یَدَیِ السَّاعَةِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّکَ نِعْمَ الرَّبُّ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً نِعْمَ الرَّسُولُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَقَبَّلْ شَفَاعَتَهُ فِی أُمَّتِهِ وَ ارْفَعْ دَرَجَتَهُ
Then say 'Alhamdulillah' two or three times and then stand up.
When you sit in the fourth rak'ah (for the second tashahhud), say:
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ خَیْرُ الْأَسْمَاءِ لِلَّهِ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِیکَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِیراً وَ نَذِیراً بَیْنَ یَدَیِ السَّاعَةِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّکَ نِعْمَ الرَّبُّ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً نِعْمَ الرَّسُولُ التَّحِیَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَ الصَّلَوَاتُ الطَّاهِرَاتُ الطَّیِّبَاتُ الزَّاکِیَاتُ الْغَادِیَاتُ الرَّائِحَاتُ السَّابِغَاتُ النَّاعِمَاتُ لِلَّهِ مَا طَابَ وَ زَکَا وَ طَهُرَ وَ خَلَصَ وَ صَفَا فَلِلَّهِ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِیکَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِیراً وَ نَذِیراً بَیْنَ یَدَیِ السَّاعَةِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَبِّی نِعْمَ الرَّبُّ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً نِعْمَ الرَّسُولُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِیَةٌ لا رَیْبَ فِیها وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِی الْقُبُورِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِی هَدانا لِهذا وَ ما کُنَّا لِنَهْتَدِیَ لَوْ لا أَنْ هَدانَا اللَّهُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِینَ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَی آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ بَارِکْ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَی آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سَلِّمْ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَی آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَرَحَّمْ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَی آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ کَمَا صَلَّیْتَ وَ بَارَکْتَ وَ تَرَحَّمْتَ عَلَی إِبْرَاهِیمَ وَ عَلَی آلِ إِبْرَاهِیمَ إِنَّکَ حَمِیدٌ مَجِیدٌ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَی آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اغْفِرْ لَنا وَ لِإِخْوانِنَا الَّذِینَ سَبَقُونا بِالْإِیمانِ وَ لا تَجْعَلْ فِی قُلُوبِنا غِلًّا لِلَّذِینَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنا إِنَّکَ رَؤُفٌ رَحِیمٌ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ امْنُنْ عَلَیَّ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَ عَافِنِی مِنَ النَّارِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِینَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَ لِمَنْ دَخَلَ بَیْتِیَ مُؤْمِناً وَ لا تَزِدِ الظَّالِمِینَ إِلَّا تَباراً
Then say:
السَّلَامُ عَلَیْکَ أَیُّهَا النَّبِیُّ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَکَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَی أَنْبِیَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ رُسُلِهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَی جَبْرَئِیلَ وَ مِیکَائِیلَ وَ الْمَلَائِکَةِ الْمُقَرَّبِینَ السَّلَامُ عَلَی مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ خَاتَمِ النَّبِیِّینَ لَا نَبِیَّ بَعْدَهُ وَ السَّلَامُ عَلَیْنَا وَ عَلَی عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِینَ
Then give the salutation (i.e., say: 'Assalamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh').
📚 Tahdhib, vol. 2, p. 99
✅The above narrations are the most comprehensive Shia narrations on the manner of tashahhud and salutation in the first and second tashahhud.