✅ Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 عَنْ لَيْثٍ الْمُرَادِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّه عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الصَّيْفِ فِي اللَّيَالِي الْقِصَارِ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ نِعْمَ مَا رَأَيْتَ وَ نِعْمَ مَا صَنَعْتَ يَعْنِي فِي السَّفَرِ

قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخَافُ الْجَنَابَةَ فِي السَّفَرِ أَوْ فِي الْبَرْدِ فَيُعَجِّلُ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ وَ الْوَتْرَ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 1, p. 478

Layth al-Muradi said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about the night prayer on short summer nights, at the beginning of the night; he said: Yes! It is a good view and a good thing you are doing, meaning while traveling!

He said: And I asked the Imam about a person who, while traveling, fears ritual impurity (ihtilam) and the cold, so he performs the night prayer and witr prayer early in the night; he said: Yes!

2 عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قَالَ: إِنْ خَشِيتَ أَنْ لَا تَقُومَ فِي آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ أَوْ كَانَتْ بِكَ عِلَّةٌ أَوْ أَصَابَكَ بَرْدٌ فَصَلِّ وَ أَوْتِرْ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 1, p. 453

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: If you fear that you will not wake up at the end of the night, or you are ill, or you are affected by cold, then while traveling, perform the night prayer and witr prayer at the beginning of the night!

3 عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا جَازَ لِلْمُسَافِرِ وَ الْمَرِيضِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَا صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ لِاشْتِغَالِهِ وَ ضَعْفِهِ وَ لِيُحْرِزَ صَلَاتَهُ فَيَسْتَرِيحَ الْمَرِيضُ فِي وَقْتِ رَاحَتِهِ وَ لِيَشْتَغِلَ الْمُسَافِرُ بِاشْتِغَالِهِ وَ ارْتِحَالِهِ وَ سَفَرِهِ.

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 1, p. 455

Imam Reza (peace be upon him) said: Indeed, it is permissible for a traveler and a sick person to perform the night prayer at the beginning of the night, due to their preoccupation and weakness, and so that they can secure their prayer, and consequently the sick person can rest at their comfortable time, and so that the traveler can be engaged in their work and their journey!

4 عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ الْوَتْرِ فِي السَّفَرِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 1, p. 453

Ali ibn Sa'id asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about the night prayer while traveling, at the beginning of the night; he said: Yes!

5 عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلَ عَنْ وَقْتِ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ فَقَالَ مِنْ حِينِ تُصَلِّي الْعَتَمَةَ إِلَى أَنْ يَنْفَجِرَ الصُّبْحُ.

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 1, p. 453

Sama'ah asked Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) about the time for the night prayer while traveling; the Imam said: From the time one performs the 'isha prayer until the dawn appears!

6 عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ إِذَا خِفْتَ الْفَوْتَ فِي آخِرِهِ.

📚 Tahdhib Vol. 3, p. 233

Abdul-Rahman said: I asked Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) about performing the night prayer while traveling at the beginning of the night; he said: In case you fear missing it at the end of the night!

7 عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ مِنْ صُلَحَائِهِمْ شَكَا إِلَيَّ مَا يَلْقَى مِنَ النَّوْمِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْقِيَامَ لِلصَّلَاةِ بِاللَّيْلِ فَيَغْلِبُنِي النَّوْمُ حَتَّى أُصْبِحَ فَرُبَّمَا قَضَيْتُ صَلَاتِيَ الشَّهْرَ الْمُتَتَابِعَ وَ الشَّهْرَيْنِ أَصْبِرُ عَلَى ثِقْلِهِ قَالَ قُرَّةُ عَيْنٍ لَهُ وَ اللَّهِ وَ لَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ وَ قَالَ الْقَضَاءُ بِالنَّهَارِ أَفْضَلُ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ مِنْ نِسَائِنَا أَبْكَاراً الْجَارِيَةَ تُحِبُّ الْخَيْرَ وَ أَهْلَهُ وَ تَحْرِصُ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَيَغْلِبُهَا النَّوْمُ حَتَّى رُبَّمَا قَضَتْ وَ رُبَّمَا ضَعُفَتْ مِنْ قَضَائِهِ وَ هِيَ تَقْوَى عَلَيْهِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ فَرَخَّصَ لَهُنَّ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ إِذَا ضَعُفْنَ وَ ضَيَّعْنَ الْقَضَاءَ

📚 Tahdhib Vol. 2, p. 119

Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb said: I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): A man from among your righteous friends complained to me about what befalls him from sleep and said: I intend to get up for the night prayer, but sleep overcomes me until it is morning, and sometimes I miss my prayer for one or two consecutive months and I endure its heaviness!

The Imam said: By Allah, this is a source of comfort for him, and he did not give him permission to perform the prayer at the beginning of the night and said: Making it up during the day is more preferable.

I said: Some of our young women are virgins who love goodness and its people and are eager for prayer, but sleep overcomes them to the point that they sometimes miss it and sometimes they are too weak to make it up, and she has the strength to perform it at the beginning of the night!

The Imam gave them permission to perform the prayer at the beginning of the night in case they are weak and would neglect to make it up!

8 عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي مَكَثْتُ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً أَنْوِي الْقِيَامَ فَلَا أَقُومُ أَفَأُصَلِّي أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ لَا اقْضِ بِالنَّهَارِ فَإِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ ذَلِكَ خُلُقاً

📚 Al-Faqih Vol. 1, p. 477

Umar ibn Hanzalah said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): I stayed for eighteen nights and intended to get up (at night) but I did not, should I perform the prayer at the beginning of the night? He said: No! Make it up during the day, because I do not like you to make it a habit and your nature!

9 عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قَالَ: قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ الْقِيَامُ بِاللَّيْلِ تَمْضِي عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلَةُ وَ اللَّيْلَتَانِ وَ الثَّلَاثُ لَا يَقُومُ فَيَقْضِي أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ أَمْ يُعَجِّلُ الْوَتْرَ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ لَا بَلْ يَقْضِي وَ إِنْ كَانَ ثَلَاثِينَ لَيْلَةً.

📚 Tahdhib Vol. 2, p. 338

Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I said to the Imam (peace be upon him): A person intends to get up at night, but one, two, or three nights pass, and he does not get up, is it more beloved to you that he makes it up, or that he performs the witr prayer at the beginning of the night? He said: No! Rather, he should make it up even if it is for thirty nights!

10 عن مُرَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قال: قُلْتُ لَهُ مَتَى أُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ صَلِّهَا آخِرَ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَإِنِّي لَا أَسْتَنْبِهُ فَقَالَ تَسْتَنْبِهُ مَرَّةً فَتُصَلِّيهَا وَ تَنَامُ فَتَقْضِيهَا فَإِذَا اهْتَمَمْتَ بِقَضَائِهَا بِالنَّهَارِ اسْتَنْبَهْتَ

📚 Tahdhib Vol. 2, p. 335

Marazim said: I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): When should I perform the night prayer? He said: Perform it at the end of the night. I said: I don't wake up!

He said: You will wake up once and perform it, and (if) you sleep in, you will make it up. So if you are committed to making it up during the day, you will wake up!

✅ Based on the above narrations and others, the time for the night prayer is from midnight until the dawn appears.

A traveler who fears cold or ritual impurity, or fears that the night prayer will be missed at the end of the night, is permitted to perform the night prayer at the beginning of the night after the 'isha prayer. Of course, some narrations also give a general permission for the night prayer at the beginning of the night for a traveler and a sick person.

✅ Regarding those who sleep through the night prayer at the end of the night due to physical characteristics and other factors, it is recommended that if they sleep in, they should make it up during the day and not perform it at the beginning of the night.

However, for young girls who sleep in and also neglect to make it up, permission has been given to perform the night prayer and witr prayer at the beginning of the night.

اللَّهُمَّ فَصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ