✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يَبِيتَنَّ إِلَّا بِوَتْرٍ

📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 341

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, then let him never pass a night except with the 'Witr' prayer!'

2 الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: وَ إِنَّمَا صَارَتِ الْعَتَمَةُ مَقْصُورَةً وَ لَيْسَ نَتْرُكُ رَكْعَتَيْهَا لِأَنَّ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ لَيْسَتَا مِنَ الْخَمْسِينَ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ زِيَادَةٌ فِي الْخَمْسِينَ تَطَوُّعاً لِيُتِمَّ بِهِمَا بَدَلَ كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ مِنَ الْفَرِيضَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنَ التَّطَوُّع

📚Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 455

Imam Rida (peace be upon him) said: 'Indeed, the 'Isha' prayer (on a journey) is shortened, but we do not abandon its two 'rak'ahs' (supererogatory), because these two 'rak'ahs' are not part of the fifty 'rak'ahs' (obligatory and supererogatory), and these two 'rak'ahs' have been added as supererogatory to the fifty 'rak'ahs' so that by it, for every 'rak'ah' of the obligatory, two 'rak'ahs' of supererogatory prayer are completed!'

3 عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّهِ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَاقِرِ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ تُصَلَّى الرَّكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ قُعُودٍ فَقَالَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ فَرَضَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً فَأَضَافَ إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مِثْلَيْهَا فَصَارَتْ إِحْدَى وَ خَمْسِينَ رَكْعَةً فَتُعَدَّانِ هَاتَانِ الرَّكْعَتَانِ مِنْ جُلُوسٍ بِرَكْعَةٍ

📚'Ilal al-Shara'i', p. 330

Qazwini said: I said to Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): 'For what reason are two 'rak'ahs' of prayer performed sitting after the 'Isha' prayer?'

He said: 'Because Allah the Exalted has made seventeen 'rak'ahs' of prayer obligatory, so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) added twice that amount (as supererogatory) to it, so they became 51 'rak'ahs', so these two 'rak'ahs' of sitting prayer are considered one 'rak'ah'!'

4 الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قَالَ: قُلْتُ أُصَلِّي الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُ صَلَّيْتُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَنَا جَالِسٌ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهَا وَاحِدَةٌ وَ لَوْ مِتَّ مِتَّ عَلَى وَتْرٍ

📚'Ilal al-Shara'i', p. 330

Mufaddal said: I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'I perform the 'Isha' prayer, and when I have performed it, I perform two 'rak'ahs' of prayer sitting!'

The Imam said: 'Know that this is considered one 'rak'ah', and if you die (on this night), you have died on the 'Witr' prayer!'

5 أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قَالَ: مَنْ كانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يَبِيتَنَّ إِلَّا بِوَتْرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ: تَعْنِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّهُمَا بِرَكْعَةٍ فَمَنْ صَلَّاهُمَا ثُمَّ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ مَاتَ عَلَى وَتْرٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَحْدُثْ بِهِ حَدَثُ الْمَوْتِ يُصَلِّي الْوَتْرَ فِي آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّه هَاتَيْنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ وَ لِمَ قَالَ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّه كَانَ يَأْتِيهِ الْوَحْيُ وَ كَانَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ هَلْ يَمُوتُ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ أَمْ لَا وَ غَيْرُهُ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يُصَلِّهِمَا وَ أَمَرَ بِهِمَا

📚'Ilal al-Shara'i', p. 330

Abu Basir said: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him not pass a night except by performing the 'Witr' prayer!'

I said: 'Do you mean the two 'rak'ahs' that are performed after the 'Isha' prayer?' He said: 'Yes, indeed these two 'rak'ahs' are considered one 'rak'ah', and whoever performs these two 'rak'ahs' and something happens to him that he dies (on that night), he has died on the 'Witr' prayer (the 'Witr' prayer which is performed after the night prayer is counted for him), and if death does not occur for him, he performs the 'Witr' prayer at the end of the night.'

I said: 'Did the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) perform this prayer?' He said: 'No,' I said: 'Why?' He said: 'Because the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) received revelation and knew whether he would die on this night or not, and others do not know, so for this reason, he did not perform these two 'rak'ahs' but he commanded it!'

6 عن هِشَامٍ الْمَشْرِقِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضا فِي حَدِيثٍ قال: إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْبَصْرَةِ سَأَلُونِي فَقَالُوا إِنَّ يُونُسَ يَقُولُ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْإِنْسَانُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ بَعْدَ الْعَتَمَةِ فَقُلْتُ صَدَقَ يُونُسُ

📚Rijal al-Kashshi, Vol. 2, p. 784

Imam Rida (peace be upon him) said: 'The people of Basra asked me and said: 'Yunus says it is from the tradition that a person should perform two 'rak'ahs' of prayer sitting after the 'Isha' prayer!'

I said: 'Yunus has spoken the truth!'

7 عن أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قال: مَنْ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ الْمُلْكِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ[ليلته] فَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ وَ أَطَابَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ وَ إِنِّي لَأَرْكَعُ بِهَا بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ و أَنَا جَالِسٌ

📚Al-Bihar, Vol. 87, p. 108, hadith 5.

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever recites Surah al-Mulk in his night, has indeed performed a great and pure deed and is not among the heedless, and I recite it after the 'Isha' prayer in a single sitting 'rak'ah'!'

8 فُضَيْل بن يسار عن أَبي عَبْداللَّه قال: الْفَرِيضَةُ وَ النَّافِلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ خَمْسُونَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا رَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعَتَمَةِ جَالِساً تُعَدَّانِ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ الْفَرِيضَةُ مِنْهَا سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ النَّافِلَةُ أَرْبَعٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ رَكْعَةً

📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 443

Fudayl said: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'The obligatory and supererogatory prayers are 51 'rak'ahs', and among them are two 'rak'ahs' sitting after the 'Isha' prayer, which are considered one standing 'rak'ah'. The obligatory from these are 17 'rak'ahs' and the supererogatory are 34 'rak'ahs'!'

9 الْحَارِث بْنِ الْمُغِيرَة النَّصْرِيِّ قال سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْداللَّه يَقُولُ صَلَاةُ النَّهَارِ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً ثَمَانٍ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ و ثَمَانٍ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ وَ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ يَا حَارِثُ لَا تَدَعْهُنَّ فِي سَفَرٍ وَ لَا حَضَرٍ وَ رَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ كَانَ أَبِي يُصَلِّيهِمَا وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَ أَنَا أُصَلِّيهِمَا وَ أَنَا قَائِمٌ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يُصَلِّي ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنَ اللَّيْل

📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 446

Harith said: I heard Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) say: 'The prayers of the day (meaning the supererogatory prayers of the day) are 16 'rak'ahs': 8 'rak'ahs' when the sun passes the zenith and eight 'rak'ahs' after the 'Dhuhr' prayer, and there are also four 'rak'ahs' of supererogatory prayer after the 'Maghrib' prayer, which, O Harith, you should never abandon them in travel or at home, and two 'rak'ahs' are also after the 'Isha' prayer which my father used to perform sitting and I perform them standing, and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) used to perform 13 'rak'ahs' of prayer at night!'

10 سليمان بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قال: صَلَاةُ النَّافِلَةِ ثَمَانُ رَكَعَاتٍ حِينَ تَزُولُ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ وَ سِتُّ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ و رَكْعَتَانِ قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ وَ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ رَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ يُقْرَأُ فِيهِمَا مِائَةُ آيَةٍ قَائِماً أَوْ قَاعِداً وَ الْقِيَامُ أَفْضَلُ و لَا تَعُدَّهُمَا مِنَ الْخَمْسِينَ وَ ثَمَانُ رَكَعَاتٍ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ تَقْرَأُ فِي صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ بِقُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ و قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ وَ تَقْرَأُ فِي سَائِرِهَا مَا أَحْبَبْتَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ الْوَتْرُ ثَلَاثُ رَكَعَاتٍ يُقْرَأُ فِيهَا جَمِيعاً قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ تَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُنَّ بِتَسْلِيمٍ ثُمَّ الرَّكْعَتَانِ اللَّتَانِ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ تَقْرَأُ فِي الْأُولَى مِنْهُمَا قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ و فِي الثَّانِيَةِ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ

📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 5

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'The supererogatory prayers are 8 'rak'ahs' before the 'Dhuhr' prayer at the time of the sun's zenith and 6 'rak'ahs' after 'Dhuhr' and 2 'rak'ahs' before the 'Asr' prayer and 4 'rak'ahs' after the 'Maghrib' prayer and two 'rak'ahs' after the 'Isha' prayer, either standing or sitting, and standing is better, in which a hundred verses are recited, and you do not count these two 'rak'ahs' from the 50 prayers and 8 'rak'ahs' at the end of the night in which in the first two 'rak'ahs' of the night prayer you recite 'Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad' and 'Qul Ya Ayyuha al-Kafirun' and in the rest, you recite whatever you wish from the Qur'an (after al-Hamd), and then the 'Witr' prayer which is three 'rak'ahs' and in each of the three 'rak'ahs' you recite 'Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad' and you separate between them with a 'salam' and then the two 'rak'ahs' that are before the 'Fajr' prayer in which in the first 'rak'ah' you recite 'Qul Ya Ayyuha al-Kafirun' and in the second 'rak'ah' you recite 'Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad'!'

1 1 عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو عَبْداللَّه يَقْرَأُ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعَتَمَةِ الْوَاقِعَةَ وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ.

📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 116

Ibn Abi Umayr said: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) used to recite Surah al-Waqi'ah and 'Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad' in the two 'rak'ahs' after the 'Isha' prayer.

2 1 عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قَالَ: كَانَ أَبِي إِذَا صَلَّى جَالِساً تَرَبَّعَ فَإِذَا رَكَعَ ثَنَى رِجْلَيْهِ.

📚Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 365

Imam Baqir or Imam Sadiq (peace be upon them both) said: 'When my father used to perform the prayer sitting, he would sit cross-legged, and when he would go into 'ruku'' (bowing), he would fold and bend his feet (like the posture we sit in for the 'tashahhud' in prayers).'

✅ The points mentioned in the above narrations:

1 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) has established 34 'rak'ahs' of supererogatory prayers in a day and night, which is twice the number of obligatory prayers.

2 One of the daily and nightly supererogatory prayers is a two-rak'ah prayer that is performed after the 'Isha' prayer, and there is a great deal of encouragement for it, and whoever performs this prayer, if he dies that night, the 'Witr' prayer that is performed after the night prayer and at the end of the night is written for him.

3 It is recommended to recite Surah al-Mulk in one of the 'rak'ahs' of this prayer or to recite Surah al-Waqi'ah in the first 'rak'ah' and Surah al-Tawhid in the second 'rak'ah', or to recite one hundred verses in this prayer.

4 In most narrations, this prayer is described as two 'rak'ahs' performed sitting, which is equivalent to one 'rak'ah' standing, and it has been established to complete the doubling of the supererogatory prayers compared to the obligatory ones and for other reasons.

5 Although in two narrations the performance of this prayer is also mentioned as standing, there is some ambiguity as to whether it should be performed as one 'rak'ah' or two 'rak'ahs' when standing, because if it is performed as two 'rak'ahs' while standing, the total number of prayers becomes 52 'rak'ahs', which is not consistent with other narrations, and therefore it is better to perform it sitting, which is mentioned in most narrations.

5 This prayer has become famous as the 'Wutayrah' prayer, but in the narrations, such a name has not been given to it, and it is referred to by the name of 'Witr' prayer and two sitting 'rak'ahs' after 'Isha' and the like.

6 According to narration 12, Imam Baqir or Imam Sajjad (peace be upon them both) would sit cross-legged when performing the prayer sitting, and when they would go into 'ruku'', they would fold and bend their feet, meaning after finishing the recitation, they would return their feet to the same posture as when reciting the 'tashahhud' in prayers and then would go into 'ruku'', and the sitting supererogatory prayer of 'Isha' is also performed in this manner.

اللَّهُمَّ فَصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ