1 قَالَ أَبُو عَبْداللَّه لَيْسَ يَفْتَرِقُ التَّقْصِيرُ وَ الْإِفْطَارُ فَمَنْ قَصَّرَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4

Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him): 'The shortening of prayer and the breaking of the fast are not separate from each other, so a person who shortens the prayer also breaks the fast!'

2 علي بن جعفرعن أخيه موسى قال: سَأَلْتُهُ عن الرَّجُلِ يَتْرُكُ شَهْرَ رمضان في السَّفَرِ فَيُقِيمُ الْأَيَّامَ فِي مَكَانٍ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ قال لا حَتَّى يُجْمِعَ على مُقَامِ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَإِذَا أَجْمَعَ عَلى مُقَامِ عَشَرَة أَيَّامٍ صَام و أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاة

📚 Qurb al-Isnad, p. 102

Ali ibn Ja'far said: 'I asked Musa ibn Ja'far (prayers of Allah be upon him) about a person who, on a journey (according to his duty), leaves the fast of the month of Ramadan and then stays in a place for a few days; is fasting obligatory upon him? He said: 'No, until he decides and intends to stay for ten days, so when he decides to stay for ten days, he fasts and completes the prayer!''

3️⃣ Zurarah from Abi Ja'far who said: 'I said to him: 'What do you think of a person who arrives in a city, until when is it proper for him to shorten and when is it proper for him to complete?' He said: 'When you enter a land and you are certain that you will stay there for ten days, then complete the prayer, and if you do not know how long you will stay there, saying 'I will leave tomorrow or the day after,' then shorten up to one month, and when one month is complete for you, then complete the prayer, even if you intend to leave at that very hour.'

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 3

Zurarah said: 'I said to Imam Baqir (prayers of Allah be upon him): 'Inform me, when a person enters a city, until when is it proper for him to shorten the prayer and when is it proper for him to complete his prayer?'

He said: 'When you enter a land and you are certain that you will stay there for ten days, then complete the prayer, and if you do not know how long you will stay there and you say either tomorrow I will leave or the day after tomorrow (i.e., your period of stay is not specified), then shorten the prayer for up to one month, and when a month is complete for you, then complete the prayer, even if you intend to return at that very hour!'

3️⃣ Abu Abdullah said: 'When a man intends to stay for ten days, it is obligatory for him to complete the prayer, and if he is in doubt and does not know how long he will stay and says 'today or tomorrow,' he should shorten (the prayer) for up to one month, and if he stays in that city for more than a month, he should complete the prayer.'

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4

Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him): 'When a person decides to stay for (at least) ten days (in a place), then it is obligatory upon him to complete the prayer, and if he is in doubt and does not know how long he will stay and says 'today or tomorrow,' he must shorten the prayer for one month, and if he stays in that land for more than a month, he must complete the prayer!'

4️⃣ Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb said: 'Imam Sadiq (prayers of Allah be upon him) said: 'If you enter a city and intend to stay for (at least) ten days, then complete the prayer from the moment you enter the city, and if you intend to stay for less than ten days, then shorten the prayer, and if you stay and say 'I will leave tomorrow or the day after tomorrow,' and you do not have a definite intention for ten days, then shorten the prayer for one month, and when one month is complete, then complete the prayer.'

I said: 'What if I enter a city on the first day of the month of Ramadan and I do not intend to stay for ten days?' He said: 'Shorten the prayer and break the fast!'

I said: 'What if I stay there and say 'I will leave tomorrow or the day after tomorrow,' do I break the fast for the entire month of Ramadan and shorten my prayer?' He said: 'Yes, these two are one: when you shorten the prayer, you break the fast, and when you break the fast, you also shorten the prayer!'

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 1

✅ Some points from the above narrations:

1️⃣ If a person enters a city and intends to stay for at least ten days, his prayer and fast are complete and valid.

2️⃣ If a person enters a city and intends to stay for less than ten days, his prayer is shortened and his fast is broken.

3️⃣ If a person enters a city and the duration of his stay is not specified, whether it is less than ten days or ten days or more, and he says 'today or tomorrow,' he shortens the prayer and breaks the fast for one month, and when one month is complete, from then on he completes the prayer and fasts.

4️⃣ The shortening of the prayer and the breaking of the fast are mutually inclusive, and wherever the prayer is shortened, the fast is also broken.

5️⃣ Regarding our question, it is clear that it does not matter whether the person's ten-day stay is entirely within the month of Ramadan or a part of it is in Ramadan and the rest is in another month; rather, for every part of his stay that coincides with Ramadan, he must fast and, throughout the entire stay of ten days or more, he completes the prayer.

Traveler's Prayer Traveler's Fasting

Doubt in a ten-day stay