✅ Answer: In household benevolent loans, a specific number of relatives or others agree to pay a monthly amount to the fund manager, and each month, a specific amount is lent to the winning individuals in a lottery.

✅ First, pay attention to the following narrations:

1 خالد بْنِ الْحَجَّاج قَال: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ كَانَتْ لِي عَلَيْهِ مِائَةُ دِرْهَمٍ عَدَداً قَضَانِيهَا مِائَةً درهم وَزْناً قَال لَا بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ قَالَ و قَال جَاءَ الرِّبَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الشُّرُوط إِنَّمَا يُفْسِدُهُ الشُّرُوطُ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 244

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said in a hadith: 'Indeed, usury comes into being in the light of conditions, and indeed, it is the conditions that corrupt it!'

2 Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'It is written on the gate of Paradise: A loan is eighteen times (the reward) and charity is ten times (the reward), and the reason for this is that a loan is only for someone in need, whereas charity may sometimes fall into the hands of someone who is not in need!'

📚 Tafsir al-Qummi, Vol. 2, p. 350

3 قال الصَّادِقُ : مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ الصَّدَقَةُ بِعَشَرَةٍ وَ الْقَرْضُ بِثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ وَ إِنَّمَا صَارَ الْقَرْضُ أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ لِأَنَّ الْمُسْتَقْرِضَ لَا يَسْتَقْرِضُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَاجَةٍ وَ قَدْ يَطْلُبُ الصَّدَقَةَ مَنْ لَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهَا

📚 Hidayat al-Saduq, p. 44

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'It is written on the gate of Paradise: Charity is ten times (the reward) and a loan is eighteen times (the reward), and indeed, a loan is better than charity because the borrower does not borrow except out of need, but sometimes charity is sought by someone who is not in need of it!'

4 عن أَبِي عَبْداللَّه فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّا نَراكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ قَالَ كَانَ يُوَسِّعُ الْمَجْلِسَ وَ يَسْتَقْرِضُ لِلْمُحْتَاجِ وَ يُعِينُ الضَّعِيف

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 2, p. 637

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said about Allah's saying (in Surah Yusuf, verse 36): 'Indeed, we see you to be of the doers of good,' He said: '(Yusuf, peace be upon him) made a place for people to sit, and he would borrow money for the needy and help the weak person!'

5 مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَنْ شَيْ ءٍ فَقَالَ لِي كُلُّ مَجْهُولٍ فَفِيهِ الْقُرْعَةُ...

📚 Tahdhib, Vol. 6, p. 240

Muhammad ibn Hakim said: I asked Imam Kadhim (peace be upon him) about something. The Imam said to me: 'For every unknown and unidentified thing, there is a lottery...'

6 عبدالرَّحِيم قال سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ عَلِيّاً كَانَ إِذَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرٌ لَمْ يَجِئْ فِيهِ كِتَابٌ وَ لَمْ تَجْرِ بِهِ سُنَّةٌ رَجَمَ فِيهِ يَعْنِي سَاهَمَ فَأَصَابَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحِيمِ وَ تِلْكَ مِنَ الْمُعْضَلَاتِ

📚 Al-Ikhtisas, p. 310

Abd al-Rahim said: I heard Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) say: 'Indeed, when a matter came to Ali (peace be upon him) about which no verse had been revealed and no tradition had been established, he would stone it, meaning he would cast lots!' Then he said: 'O Abd al-Rahim! And it was from the complicated matters!'

✅ Several points to note:

1 This style of benevolent loan has not been mentioned in the words of the Household of Prophethood.

2 Usually, all lenders agree to save money in a household benevolent loan on the condition that they are included in the lottery and are lent money. According to the first narration and its likes, the issue of condition in the loan is created, which is problematic.

3 The principle of a loan is for a person in need, but the style of a household benevolent loan is such that they do not pay attention to who is in need and simply grant a loan based on a lottery, which is an act contrary to tradition.

4 The person whose name is drawn first in the lottery receives the most benefit, and the one whose name is drawn last bears the most harm. It should be considered on what legal ruling and religious tradition the first person receives this benefit and for what crime the last person bears this harm!

5 The lottery in Shia jurisprudence is established for ambiguous, problematic, and complicated matters, and examples of it are mentioned in narrations. But this case has no place for a lottery in the narrations because the place of a loan is clear, which is for the needy, and a lottery has no meaning in this regard.

6 Given the above ambiguities and problems regarding household benevolent loans, and given the absence of a tradition for this style and the impossibility of applying its conditions to the generalities of the narrations, it cannot be considered a correct matter.

7 Of course, it is obvious that if the members of the fund do not make it a condition that they be lent money and, according to tradition, simply lend the amounts to people in need, and put the lottery aside, and simply cooperate to solve the problem of the needy and lend it to them, it will not contradict the generalities of the narrations.