Question 518: Can a poor person who receives Zakat al-Fitr spend it only on wheat, rice, and dates, or can they spend it on other things as well?

Answer
✅Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:
1 عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِالْقِيمَةِ فِي الْفِطْرَةِ.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 86
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: '(Paying) the price for Zakat al-Fitr is not a problem.'
2 عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْفِطْرَةِ يَجُوزُ أَنْ أُؤَدِّيَهَا فِضَّةً بِقِيمَةِ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ الَّتِي سَمَّيْتَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَنْفَعُ لَهُ يَشْتَرِي بها مَا يُرِيدُ.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 86
Ishaq ibn Ammar said: 'I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'May I be sacrificed for you, what do you say about Zakat al-Fitr, is it permissible to pay the price of these things that you mentioned (for Zakat al-Fitr) in silver?' He said: 'Yes, this is more beneficial for the poor person (because) he can buy anything he wants with it!'
3 عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ... وَ سَأَلْتُهُ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلُ الْفِطْرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ ثَمَنَ التَّمْرِ وَ الْحِنْطَةِ يَكُونُ أَنْفَعَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِ الْمُؤْمِنِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 332
Umar ibn Yazid said in a hadith: 'I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'Should a person give the price of dates and wheat in dirhams (silver coins) for Zakat al-Fitr so that it is more beneficial for the believing family?' He said: 'There is no problem.'
4 عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِذَا أَخَذَ الرَّجُلُ الزَّكَاةَ فَهِيَ كَمَالِهِ يَصْنَعُ بِهَا مَا یَشَاءَ قَالَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَرَضَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي أَمْوَالِ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ فَرِيضَةً لَا يُحْمَدُونَ إِلَّا بِأَدَائِهَا وَ هِيَ الزَّكَاةُ فَإِذَا هِيَ وَصَلَتْ إِلَى الْفَقِيرِ فَهِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَالِهِ يَصْنَعُ بِهَا مَا يَشَاءُ فَقُلْتُ يَتَزَوَّجُ بِهَا وَ يَحُجُّ مِنْهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ هِيَ مَالُهُ قُلْتُ فَهَلْ يُؤْجَرُ الْفَقِيرُ إِذَا حَجَّ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ كَمَا يُؤْجَرُ الْغَنِيُّ صَاحِبُ الْمَالِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 556
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'When a person receives Zakat, it is like his own property, and he can do with it whatever he wants.'
And he said: 'Indeed, Allah has placed a duty for the poor in the wealth of the rich, which is Zakat, and they are not praised except by fulfilling it. So when it reaches the poor person, it is like his property and he can do with it whatever he wants.'
I said: 'Can the poor person get married and perform Hajj with the Zakat?' He said: 'Yes, it is his property.'
I said: 'Does the poor person, when he performs Hajj with the Zakat, receive the same reward as a rich person who has his own property?' He said: 'Yes.'
✅ For the deserving and recipients of Zakat on wealth and Zakat al-Fitr, there are no limitations on how they can spend the Zakat they receive, and they can spend it on all legitimate aspects of their life's expenses.
The permissibility of paying the price of Zakat al-Fitr
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ