Question 2164: What are the recommendations in the narrations regarding building a house?
Answer
✅ Answer: Please pay attention to the following hadiths:
1 قَالَ أَمِیرُ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ الْحَجَرُ الْغَصْبُ فِی الدَّارِ رَهْنٌ عَلَی خَرَابِهَا.
📚 Nahj al-Balaghah, Hikmah 240
The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: 'A usurped stone in a house is a hostage for its destruction!'
2 عَنْ حُمَیْدٍ الصَّیْرَفِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّه قَالَ: کُلُّ بِنَاءٍ لَیْسَ بِکَفَافٍ فَهُوَ وَبَالٌ عَلَی صَاحِبِهِ یَوْمَ الْقِیَامَةِ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 531
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Every building that is more than one's sufficiency and need will be a burden and weight upon its owner on the Day of Judgment!'
3 عَنْ حَرِیزٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: اتَّخِذْ مَسْجِداً فِی بَیْتِکَ الْحَدِیثَ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, p. 480
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Set up a place of prayer (masjid) in your house!'
4 عَنْ عَلِیِّ بْنِ أَبِی الْمُغِیرَةِ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: مِنْ شَقَاءِ الْعَیْشِ ضِیقُ الْمَنْزِلِ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 526
Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'Among the hardships of life is a cramped dwelling!'
5 عَنْ عَبْداللَّهِ بْنِ مَیْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الشُّؤْمُ فِی ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْیَاءَ فِی الدَّابَّةِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ الدَّارِ... وَ أَمَّا الدَّارُ فَشُؤْمُهَا ضِیقُهَا وَ خُبْثُ جِیرَانِهَا.
📚 Ma'ani al-Akhbar, p. 152
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Ill fortune is in three things: in the mount, the woman, and the house!'
Up to where he said:
'As for the house, its ill fortune lies in its being cramped and in the evil and wickedness of its neighbors!'
6 عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَکَمِ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ: مِنَ السَّعَادَةِ سَعَةُ الْمَنْزِلِ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 525
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'The spaciousness of a dwelling is part of prosperity and happiness!'
7 عن أَبِي عبداللَّه قال: سَمْكُ الْبَيْتِ سَبْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ أَوْ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَذْرُعٍ فَمَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ فَمُحْتَضَرٌ
📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 609
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'The ceiling of a room (meaning the space between the floor and the ceiling of any room) is 7 or 8 cubits (3.5 to 4 meters), so whatever is beyond that is a dwelling place for [devils and jinn]!'
8 عن الصادق عليه السلام في حديث... أَ لَیْسَ مِنْ حُسْنِ التَّقْدِیرِ فِی بِنَاءِ الدَّارِ أَنْ یَكُونَ الْخَلَاءُ فِی أَسْتَرِ مَوْضِعٍ فِیهَا.
📚 Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 3, p. 76
Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said in a hadith: 'Is it not part of the fine design in building a house that the toilet is in the most hidden place of the house?!'
9 عَنْ حُسَیْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِی الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ یَقُولُ کَنْسُ الْفِنَاءِ یَجْلِبُ الرِّزْقَ.
📚 Al-Mahasin, p. 624
Imam al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: 'Sweeping the courtyard of the house attracts sustenance!'
10 عَنْ أَبِی بَصِیرٍ قَالَ: إِذَا قَامَ الْقَائِمُ... وَ یَسُدُّ كُلَّ كُوَّةٍ إِلَی الطَّرِیقِ وَ كُلَّ جَنَاحٍ وَ كَنِیفٍ وَ مِیزَابٍ إِلَی الطَّرِیقِ...
📚 Ghaybah al-Tusi, p. 298
Abu Basir said: (The Imam) said: 'When the Qaim (peace be upon him) rises... he will close every aperture and window facing the road, and every balcony, sewage outlet, and gutter facing the road!'
1 1 Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Do not lodge women in upper rooms (meaning the floors above the ground floor) of the house...'
📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 374
1 2 Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Indeed, Allah loves beauty and adornment and dislikes misery and the display of poverty and distress, for when Allah bestows a blessing upon His servant, He loves to see its effect on him!'
It was said to the Imam: 'How is that?' He said: 'He cleans his clothes, perfumes himself, plasters his house with plaster, and sweeps the front of his house. Even lighting the lamp before sunset drives away poverty and increases sustenance!'
📚 Amali al-Tusi, Vol. 1, p. 281
✅ According to the above hadiths and others, some of the principles of house building in the words of the Infallibles (peace be upon them) include:
Using lawful (halal) building materials.
Choosing a location where the neighbors are good.
Avoiding the construction of a cramped house and making the house spacious within the limit of sufficiency and need.
Avoiding building a house beyond what is required.
Constructing a medium-sized room to serve as the house masjid (prayer room).
Building the toilet in the most hidden part of the house.
The height from the floor of the dwelling to the ceiling should not exceed about 4 meters.
Providing a courtyard for the house.
Plastering the dwelling, if financially feasible.
Building the living quarters on the ground floor.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر