✅ Answer: Please pay attention to the following hadiths:

1 عَنِ الْحَلَبِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: کَتَبَ أَبِی فِی وَصِیَّتِهِ أَنْ أُکَفِّنَهُ فِی ثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ أَحَدُهَا رِدَاءٌ لَهُ حِبَرَةٌ کَانَ یُصَلِّی فِیهِ یَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَ ثَوْبٌ آخَرُ وَ قَمِیصٌ

📚 Al-Kafi Vol. 3, p. 144

Imam Sadiq (peace of Allah be upon him) said: My father wrote in his will that I should shroud him in three things: one of them was a striped rida' (outer garment) that he used to pray in on Friday, and another cloth, and a shirt!

2 عَنْ سُلَیْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (علیه السلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَّ قَوْماً فِی قَمِیصٍ لَیْسَ عَلَیْهِ رِدَاءٌ فَقَالَ لَا یَنْبَغِی إِلَّا أَنْ یَکُونَ عَلَیْهِ رِدَاءٌ أَوْ عِمَامَةٌ یَرْتَدِی بِهَا.

📚 Al-Kafi Vol. 3, p. 394

Sulayman ibn Khalid said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace of Allah be upon him) about a man who leads the prayer in a single shirt and without a rida'; the Imam said: It is not appropriate unless there is a rida' on him or he drapes a turban over his shoulders like a rida'!

3 عَنْ أَبِی مَرْیَمَ الْأَنْصَارِیِّ فِی حَدِیثٍ قَالَ: صَلَّی بِنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ فِی قَمِیصٍ بِلَا إِزَارٍ وَ لَا رِدَاءٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ قَمِیصِی کَثِیفٌ فَهُوَ یُجْزِئُ أَنْ لَا یَکُونَ عَلَیَّ إِزَارٌ وَ لَا رِدَاءٌ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib Vol. 2, p. 280

Abu Maryam said in a hadith: Imam Sadiq (peace of Allah be upon him) led us in prayer in an Arabic shirt without an izar (lower garment) or a rida' and said: My shirt was thick and closely woven, and it was sufficient for me not to have an izar or a rida'!

4 عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَیْمُونٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ قَالَ: إِنَّ کُلَّ شَیْءٍ عَلَیْکَ تُصَلِّی فِیهِ یُسَبِّحُ مَعَکَ قَالَ وَ کَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِذَا أُقِیمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ لَبِسَ نَعْلَیْهِ وَ صَلَّی فِیهِمَا.

📚 Ilal al-Shara'i p. 336

Imam Sadiq (peace of Allah be upon him) narrated from his father who said: Indeed, everything that is on you and you pray in it, glorifies Allah (tasbih) along with you!

And he said: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him and his family), when the call to prayer (Iqama) was made, would put on his sandals and pray in them!

5 عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَیْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ عَنْ عَلِیٍّ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ إِذَا کَانَ فِی الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ جَسَدَهُ وَ ثِیَابَهُ وَ کُلَّ شَیْءٍ حَوْلَهُ یُسَبِّحُ.

📚 Ilal al-Shara'i p. 336

Imam Sadiq (peace of Allah be upon him) narrated from his father from Amir al-Mu'minin (peace of Allah be upon him) who said: Indeed, when a person is in prayer, his body and his clothes and everything around him glorifies Allah (tasbih)!

✅ An 'aba' was a type of kisa' (covering) that was used as an overcoat, and a rida' was also a type of overcoat that was draped over the shoulders.

The 'aba' and the rida' were usually simple square-shaped cloths, and there is no evidence that the well-known 'aba' of today is exactly the same as the 'aba' of the past.

✅ According to the above hadiths and others, wearing a rida' is commanded for the Imam of the congregation who only has a single thin shirt, and Imam Baqir (peace of Allah be upon him) also prayed, for example on Fridays, in a rida' which he willed to be his shroud.

Generally, all of a person's coverings during prayer glorify Allah (tasbih), and therefore various coverings are desirable during prayer.

However, no other specific virtue or recommendation for wearing an 'aba' during prayer was observed by the author.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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