Answer:

عَن عُمَر بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَن رَهْطٍ وَ هُمُ الْفُضَيْلُ و زُرَارَةُ و بُرَيْدٌ وَ مُحمَّد بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ كِلَيْهِمَا وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا أَنَّ صَلَاةَ كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ و الْقَمَرِ وَ الرَّجْفَةِ و الزَّلْزَلَةِ عَشْرُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ أَرْبَعُ سَجَدَاتٍ صَلَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ و النَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فِي كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ فَفَرَغَ حِينَ فَرَغَ و قَدِ انْجَلَى كُسُوفُهَا وَ رَوَوْا أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ في هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ كُلِّهَا سَوَاءٌ وَ أَشَدُّهَا وَ أَطْوَلُهَا كُسُوفُ الشَّمْسِ تَبْدَأُ فَتُكَبِّرُ بِافْتِتَاحِ الصَّلَاة ثُمَّ تَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَ سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَاب و سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الثَّانِيَةَ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ مِنَ الرُّكُوع فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَاب و سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الثَّالِثَةَ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ مِن الرُّكُوعِ فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَ سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الرَّابِعَةَ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَك مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَاب و سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الْخَامِسَةَ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ قُلْتَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ- ثُمَّ تَخِرُّ سَاجداً فَتَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ تَقُومُ فَتَصْنَعُ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعْتَ في الْأُولَى قَال قُلْتُ: وَ إِنْ هُوَ قَرَأَ سُورَةً وَاحِدَةً فِي الْخَمْسِ رَكَعَاتٍ يُفَرِّقُهَا بَيْنَهَا قَال أَجْزَأَهُ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ فِي أَوَّلِ مَرَّةٍ فَإِنْ قَرَأَ خَمْس سُوَرٍ فَمَعَ كُلِّ سُورَةٍ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ و الْقُنُوتُ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ قَبْل الرُّكُوعِ إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِن الْقِرَاءَةِ ثُمَّ تَقْنُتُ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ مِثْل ذَلِك ثُمَّ فِي السَّادِسَةِ ثُمَّ فِي الثَّامِنَةِ ثُمَّ فِي الْعَاشِرَةِ

Tahdhib, vol. 3, p. 155

Translation: A group of prominent companions narrated from Imam Sadiq and Imam Baqir, peace be upon them, who said: 'Indeed, the prayer for a solar eclipse, a lunar eclipse, a severe tremor, and an earthquake has ten bowings (ruku') and four prostrations (sajdah). The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, performed it for a solar eclipse while the people were behind him, and when he finished the prayer, the eclipse was over. This group of companions narrated that the prayer is the same for all these signs, and the most severe and longest of them is the prayer for a solar eclipse. You begin the prayer with a takbir (Allahu Akbar), then you recite Surah Al-Fatihah and one other surah, then you go into ruku', then you raise your head from ruku' and recite another Al-Fatihah and another surah, and you go into a second ruku', then you raise your head from ruku' and recite Al-Fatihah and a surah and go into a third ruku', and then you raise your head from ruku' and again recite Al-Fatihah and a surah and go into a fourth ruku', and after raising your head from ruku' you recite Al-Fatihah and a surah and go into a fifth ruku', and then you raise your head from ruku' and say:

سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ

Then you go into prostration and perform two prostrations, and then you rise and do in the second rak'ah whatever you did in the first rak'ah. The narrator said: I said: 'What if he divides a single surah into five parts between the five bowings?' The Imam said: 'In this case, a single Surah Al-Fatihah in the beginning is sufficient for it, but if he recites a full surah, a Surah Al-Fatihah must be recited with each surah.' And its qunut is before the second ruku' and after the recitation, and also before the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth ruku', the qunut is performed.'

Other narrations about the manner of performing Salat al-Ayat have also been transmitted, and the above hadith is the most complete of them and explains the two famous ways of performing Salat al-Ayat, and the following points are evident in it:

1) 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah' is only said when raising the head from the fifth and tenth ruku', after which we go into prostration.

2) There are five qunuts: one is recited before the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth ruku'. In reality, two qunuts are recited in the first rak'ah and three qunuts are recited in the second rak'ah.

3) If the surah is divided into five parts for each rak'ah, only one Al-Fatihah is recited at the beginning, and there is no prohibition on reciting all the surahs that can be recited in the obligatory prayer, and it is not necessary for them to be divided into five equal parts.

Ali ibn Ja'far said: I asked Imam Kazim, peace be upon him: 'Are women who know the prayer also responsible for what is on men regarding the supererogatory prayer, the night prayer, the noon supererogatory prayer, and the solar eclipse prayer?' The Imam said: 'Yes.'

Qurb al-Isnad, p. 100

Given the prevalence of earthquakes and celestial phenomena and the necessity of Salat al-Ayat for them, an effort should be made to spread this message and the previous one among the lovers of the Ahl al-Bayt, God willing.

Manner of performing Salat al-Ayat