Question 2003: What is the ruling on an old woman whose husband has passed away and who begs despite her children's opposition?
✅ Answer: Please refer to the following narrations:
1⃣عن أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ علیه السلام قال: ما كَانَ فی شِیعَتِنَا فَلَا یَكُونُ فِیهِمْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْیَاءَ لَا یَكُونَ فِیهِمْ مَنْ یَسْأَلُ بِكَفِّهِ و لَا یَكُونُ فِیهِمْ بَخِیلٌ و لَا یَكُونُ فِیهِمْ مَنْ یُؤْتَی فی دُبُرِهِ
📚Khisal, Vol. 1, p. 65
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Among our Shia, three things will not be found:
There is no one among them who begs with his hands!
There is no miser among them!
And there is no one among them who engages in sodomy!
2⃣ Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) rejected the testimony of a person who begs with his hands! Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: This is because such a person is not trustworthy in testimony, as if he is given, he is pleased, and if he is denied, he is displeased!
📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 7, p. 396
3⃣عن مالک بن عطیة عن أبی عبداللَّه قال: قال عَلِیُّ بْنُ الْحُسَیْنِ ضَمِنْتُ عَلَی رَبِّی أَنَّهُ لَا یَسْأَلُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ غَیْرِ حَاجَةٍ إِلَّا اضْطَرَّتْهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ یَوْماً إِلَی أَنْ یَسْأَلَ مِنْ حَاجَة
📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 19
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said: I guarantee before my Lord that no one will beg without necessity unless that very act of begging will eventually force him to beg out of need!
4⃣عن مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عن أبی عبداللَّه قال: قال أمیرالْمُؤْمِنِین اتَّبِعُوا قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهُ قال مَنْ فَتَحَ علَی نَفْسِهِ بابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَیْهِ بَابَ فَقْرٍ.
📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 19
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: Follow the words of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), who said: Whoever opens the door of begging upon himself, Allah will open the door of poverty upon him!
5⃣ Muhammad ibn Muslim reported: Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) said: O Muhammad! If the beggar knew what is in begging, no one would ask anything from another, and if the giver knew what is in giving, no one would refuse to give to another! Then he said: O Muhammad! Whoever begs while he has sufficient means, will meet Allah on the Day of Judgment with a scratched face!
📚Mustadrakat al-Sarair, p. 144
Muhammad ibn Muslim reported: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: O Muhammad! If the beggar knew what is in begging, no one would ask another, and if the giver knew what is in giving, no one would refuse another!
Then he said: O Muhammad! Whoever begs while having sufficient means will meet Allah on the Day of Judgment with a scratched face!
6⃣عن عنبسة بن مصعب عن أَبِی عَبْدِاللَّه قال: مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ و عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَیَّامٍ لَقِیَ اللَّهَ یَوْمَ یَلْقَاهُ و لَیْسَ عَلَی وَجْهِهِ لَحْم
📚‘Uqūb al-A‘māl, p. 325
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Whoever begs from people while having enough food for three days will meet Allah on the Day of Judgment without flesh on his face!
7⃣ Harun ibn Khārija reported: Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Whoever begs from people while having enough sustenance for the day is among the extravagant ones.
📚Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi, Vol. 2, p. 14
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Whoever asks from people while having what is sufficient for his day is among the extravagant ones!
8⃣ Muhammad al-Halabi reported: Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Three types of people will not be looked upon by Allah on the Day of Judgment, nor will He purify them, and they will face severe punishment: a man who is a cuckold, one who is indecent and excessively vulgar, and one who begs from people while having sufficient means.
📚Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi, Vol. 1, p. 178
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Three groups of people will not be looked upon by Allah on the Day of Judgment, nor will He purify them, and they will have a painful punishment: men who are cuckolds, those who are indecently vulgar, and those who beg while having sufficient means!
9⃣ Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) said in a hadith: Our Shia do not ask from our enemies, even if they die of hunger!
📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 2, p. 238
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said in a hadith: Our Shia do not ask from our enemies, even if they die of hunger!
✅ Based on the above narrations and others, begging, especially unnecessary begging, and particularly begging by hand, especially from enemies, is strongly condemned and denounced in narrations.
The sustenance of such individuals should be provided by their sons, and in their absence, it should be respectfully supplied through zakat and charity.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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