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Question 1963: What is the ruling on women being in crowded areas of Masjid al-Haram during obligatory and voluntary prayers (salah) and tawaf, and their contact with men there?

✅ Answer: Pay attention to the following narrations:

Allah, the Exalted, says:

إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَیْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِی بِبَکَّةَ مُبَارَکًا وَهُدًی لِّلْعَالَمِینَ (۹۶)

Translation: 'Indeed, the first House [of worship] established for mankind was that at Bakkah (Makkah) - blessed and a guidance for the worlds.'

📖 Surah Al-Imran, Verse 96

1⃣غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قال: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ نُبِّئْتُ أَنَّ نِسَاءَكُمْ يُدَافِعْنَ الرِّجَالَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ أَ مَا تَسْتَحُونَ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 536

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) said: O people of Iraq! It has reached me that your women encounter men on the streets! Do you not feel ashamed??!!'

2⃣قَال الْكُلَيْنِيُّ وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ: أَ مَا تَسْتَحْيُونَ وَ لَا تَغَارُونَ نِسَاؤُكُمْ يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَى الْأَسْوَاقِ وَ يُزَاحِمْنَ الْعُلُوجَ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 537

3⃣عَنْ مُعَاوِیَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَقُومُ أُصَلِّی بِمَکَّةَ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ بَیْنَ یَدَیَّ جَالِسَةٌ أَوْ مَارَّةٌ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا سُمِّیَتْ بَکَّةَ لِأَنَّهُ یَبُکُّ فِیهَا الرِّجَالُ وَ النِّسَاءُ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 526

Muawiyah ibn Ammar said: I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'I stand for prayer in Makkah while a woman is sitting in front of me or passing in front of me!' The Imam said: 'There is no problem! Indeed, that place is called 'Bakkah' because women and men crowd there and come into contact with each other!'

4⃣عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْفُضَیْلِ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا سُمِّیَتْ مَکَّةُ بَکَّةَ لِأَنَّهُ یَبْتَکُّ فِیهَا الرِّجَالُ وَ النِّسَاءُ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُصَلِّی بَیْنَ یَدَیْکَ وَ عَنْ یَمِینِکَ وَ عَنْ یَسَارِکَ وَ مَعَکَ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِکَ وَ إِنَّمَا یُکْرَهُ فِی سَائِرِ الْبُلْدَانِ.

📚 Ilal al-Shara'i, p. 397

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'Indeed, Makkah is called 'Bakkah' because men and women crowd there (and due to the congestion, they press against each other). A woman may pray in front of you, to your right, to your left, or alongside you, and there is no problem with that! Indeed, this is disliked in other cities!'

✅ The same Wise Lord, who, according to narrations 1⃣ and 2⃣ and others, has strongly prohibited and condemned women being in crowded areas with men and their contact with non-mahram men in markets and elsewhere, has deemed it permissible for women to unavoidably be in crowded areas of Masjid al-Haram for obligatory and voluntary prayers, tawaf, and other acts of worship. We are certain that this is based on wisdom, and therefore there is no need for believing women or their guardians to worry about this matter. For a man to feel aversion toward his wife going for Hajj or Umrah due to this matter is beyond submission and has no basis.

✅ Believing women in Masjid al-Haram should, as much as possible, avoid contact with non-mahram men. Unintentional, unavoidable, and unintentional contact without any purpose has not been mentioned as problematic.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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