Question 1937: What is sudden death, and what causes it?
✅ Answer: Please consider the following narrations:
1⃣عَنْ أَبِی عُبَیْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ وَجَدْنَا فِی کِتَابِ عَلِیٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَیْهِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِذَا کَثُرَ الزِّنَا مِنْ بَعْدِی کَثُرَ مَوْتُ الْفَجْأَةِ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, Page 541
Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: In the book of Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him), we found that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: When fornication increases after me, sudden death will also increase!
2⃣عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِی جُعِلْتُ فِدَاکَ لِمَ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَکَ وَ تَعَالَی الْخَمْرَ وَ الْمَیْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِیرِ.... ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا الْمَیْتَةُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا یُدْمِنُهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا ضَعُفَ بَدَنُهُ وَ نَحَلَ جِسْمُهُ وَ ذَهَبَتْ قُوَّتُهُ وَ انْقَطَعَ نَسْلُهُ وَ لَا یَمُوتُ آکِلُ الْمَیْتَةِ إِلَّا فَجْأَةً...
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, Page 242
Mufaddal said: I asked Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): May I be sacrificed for you! Tell me why Allah, the Exalted, has forbidden wine, carrion, blood, and pork?... To the point where he said: As for carrion, no one persists in consuming it except that their body becomes weak, their physique becomes thin, their strength diminishes, their offspring are cut off, and a carrion eater does not die except suddenly and unexpectedly!
3⃣عَنْ أَبِی الْحَسَنِ النَّهْدِیِّ رَفَعَ الْحَدِیثَ قال کَانَ أَبُوجَعْفَرٍ یَقُولُ مَنْ مَاتَ دُونَ الْأَرْبَعِینَ فَقَدِ اخْتُرِمَ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ دُونَ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ یَوْماً فَمَوْتُهُ مَوْتُ فَجْأَةٍ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, Page 119
Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: Whoever dies under forty years of age is cut off and uprooted (and unfulfilled), and whoever dies within fourteen days (of a fatal illness) dies suddenly and unexpectedly!
4⃣عَنْ حَفْصٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قال: مَنْ مَاتَ فِی أَقَلَّ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ یَوْماً کَانَ مَوْتُهُ مَوْتَ فَجْأَةٍ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, Page 119
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Whoever dies in less than fourteen days, their death is sudden and unexpected!
5⃣عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ قال قال رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مَوْتَ الْفَجْأَةِ تَخْفِیفٌ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ أَخْذَةُ أَسَفٍ عَنِ الْکَافِرِ
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, Page 112
Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: Sudden death is a relief for the believer and a wrathful seizure for the disbeliever!
6⃣عَنِ السَّکُونِیِّ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْداللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِیُّ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ أَنْ یَفْشُوَ الْفَالِجُ وَ مَوْتُ الْفَجْأَةِ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, Page 261
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: Among the signs of the approach (of the Day of Resurrection or the advent) is the spread of paralysis (partial or complete) and sudden death!
7⃣ Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said: Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) was in the Great Mosque of Kufa when a person from the people of Sham stood up and said: O Amir al-Mu'minin! I have questions for you. The Imam replied: Ask to understand, not to cause trouble!... To the point where he asked about the first person who died suddenly and unexpectedly. The Imam said: It was David (peace be upon him) who passed away on his pulpit on a Wednesday.
📚 Uyun Akhbar al-Ridha, Page 133
8⃣عن جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِیهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَلِیِّ بْنِ أَبِی طَالِبٍ علیهم السلام عَنِ النَّبِیِّ صلی الله علیه و آله أَنَّهُ قَالَ:.... یَا عَلِیُّ مَوْتُ الْفَجْأَةِ رَاحَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ حَسْرَةُ الْکَافِرِ.
📚 Makarim al-Akhlaq, Page 500
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: O Ali! Sudden death is a relief for the believer and a regret for the disbeliever!
9⃣ Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) narrated from his father and forefathers that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: The emergence of hemorrhoids, sudden death, and leprosy are among the signs of the approach (of the Day of Resurrection).
📚 Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 52, Page 269
✅ Based on the above narrations and others, if someone's death occurs within less than fourteen days of their fatal illness, their death is considered sudden and unexpected. It has been mentioned that such deaths become prevalent and common near the time of the advent due to the spread of sins like fornication.
Moreover, sudden death for a believer is a mercy and comfort, while for a disbeliever, it is a punishment and a wrathful seizure by divine anger.
اللَّهُمَّ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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