Question 1850: What is the Greatest Divine Name (Ism-e-Azam)?
✅ Answer: Please consider the following narrations:
1⃣عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ علیه السلام قَالَ: إِنَّ اسْمَ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمَ عَلَی ثَلَاثَةٍ وَ سَبْعِینَ حَرْفاً وَ إِنَّمَا عِنْدَ آصَفَ مِنْهَا حَرْفٌ وَاحِدٌ فَتَکَلَّمَ بِهِ فَخُسِفَ بِالْأَرْضِ مَا بَیْنَهُ وَ بَیْنَ سَرِیرِ بِلْقِیسَ ثُمَّ تَنَاوَلَ السَّرِیرَ بِیَدِهِ ثُمَّ عَادَتِ الْأَرْضُ کَمَا کَانَتْ أَسْرَعَ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ عَیْنٍ وَ عِنْدَنَا نَحْنُ مِنَ الِاسْمِ اثْنَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ حَرْفاً وَ حَرْفٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهِ فِی عِلْمِ الْغَیْبِ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِیِّ الْعَظِیمِ
📚Basair al-Darajat, Volume 1, Page 208
Jabir narrated from Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) who said: Verily, the Greatest Name of Allah consists of seventy-three letters. Asif had one of these letters and when he spoke it, the earth between him and the throne of Bilqis collapsed, and he grasped the throne of Bilqis with his hand. The earth then returned to its original state faster than the blink of an eye. We have seventy-two letters, and one letter remains with Allah, which He has kept in His knowledge of the unseen. There is no power nor strength except with Allah, the Most High, the Most Great!
2⃣عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِیِّ یَرْفَعُهُ إِلَی أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ علیه السلام قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ اسْمَهُ الْأَعْظَمَ عَلَی ثَلَاثَةٍ وَ سَبْعِینَ حَرْفاً فَأَعْطَی آدَمَ مِنْهَا خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِینَ حَرْفاً وَ أَعْطَی نُوحاً مِنْهَا خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِینَ حَرْفاً وَ أَعْطَی مِنْهَا إِبْرَاهِیمَ ثَمَانِیَةَ أَحْرُفٍ وَ أَعْطَی مُوسَی مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَحْرُفٍ وَ أَعْطَی عِیسَی مِنْهَا حَرْفَیْنِ وَ کَانَ یُحْیِی بِهِمَا الْمَوْتَی وَ یُبْرِئُ بِهِمَا الْأَکْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ وَ أَعْطَی مُحَمَّداً اثْنَیْنِ وَ سَبْعِینَ حَرْفاً وَ احْتَجَبَ حَرْفاً لِئَلَّا یُعْلَمَ مَا فِی نَفْسِهِ وَ یَعْلَمَ مَا فِی نَفْسِ الْعِبَادِ
📚Basair al-Darajat, Volume 1, Page 28
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Greatest Divine Name has seventy-three letters. Twenty-five letters were given to Adam (peace be upon him), twenty-five letters were given to Noah (peace be upon him), eight letters were given to Abraham (peace be upon him), four letters were given to Moses (peace be upon him), and two letters were given to Jesus (peace be upon him), with which he could revive the dead and heal the blind and the leper. Seventy-two letters were given to Muhammad (peace be upon him) and one letter was hidden so that no one knows what is in His (Allah’s) self while He knows what is in the selves of His servants.
3⃣عَنْ أَبِی بَصِیرٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ علیه السلام قَالَ: کَانَ سُلَیْمَانُ عِنْدَهُ اسْمُ اللَّهِ الْأَکْبَرُ الَّذِی إِذَا سَأَلَهُ بِهِ أَعْطَی وَ إِذَا دَعَا بِهِ أَجَابَ وَ لَوْ کَانَ الْیَوْمَ لَاحْتَاجَ إِلَیْنَا
📚Basair al-Darajat, Volume 1, Page 211
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Solomon (peace be upon him) had the Greatest Divine Name, and whenever he asked with it, he was granted, and whenever he prayed with it, he was answered. If Solomon were alive today, he would surely need us!
4⃣عنْ أَبِی بَصِیرٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ علیه السلام قَالَ: الم هُوَ حَرْفٌ مِنْ حُرُوفِ اسْمِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ الْمُقَطَّعِ فِی الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِی یُؤَلِّفُهُ النَّبِیُّ صلی الله علیه و آله أَوِ الْإِمَامُ فَإِذَا دَعَا بِهِ أُجِیب ...
📚Al-Burhan, Volume 1, Page 124
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Alif-Lam-Mim' is one of the letters of the Greatest Divine Name. Each part of it is found somewhere in the Quran, and when the Prophet (peace be upon him) or the Imam (peace be upon him) compiles it and prays with it, the prayer is answered!
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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5⃣ عَنْ أَمِیرِ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ علیه السلام قَالَ : رَأَیْتُ الْخَضِرَ علیه السلام فِی الْمَنَامِ قَبْلَ بَدْرٍ بِلَیْلَةٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ عَلِّمْنِی شَیْئاً أُنْصَرْ بِهِ عَلَی الْأَعْدَاءِ فَقَالَ قُلْ یَا هُوَ یَا مَنْ لَا هُوَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ قَصَصْتُهَا عَلَی رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلی الله علیه و آله فَقَالَ لِی یَا عَلِیُّ عُلِّمْتَ الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ وَ کَانَ عَلَی لِسَانِی یَوْمَ بَدْرٍ
📚Noor al-Thaqalain, Volume 5, Page 700
Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) said: One night before the Battle of Badr, I saw Khidr (peace be upon him) in my dream, and I said to him: Teach me something that will help me defeat my enemies. He said: Say this:
یَا هُوَ یَا مَنْ لَا هُوَ إِلَّا هُو
When I woke up, I told the Prophet (peace be upon him), and he said: O Ali! The Greatest Name has been taught to you, and it was on my tongue on the day of the Battle of Badr!
6⃣عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى اسْمِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ مِنْ سَوَادِ الْعَيْنِ إِلَى بَيَاضِهَا
📚Uyun Akhbar al-Ridha, Volume 2, Page 5
Imam Ridha (peace be upon him) said: Verily, 'Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim' is closer to the Greatest Divine Name than the blackness of the eye to its whiteness!
7⃣سُلَیْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَعْفَرِیِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا علیه السلام قَالَ: مَنْ قَالَ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِیِّ الْعَظِیمِ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ کَانَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَی اسْمِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ مِنْ سَوَادِ الْعَیْنِ إِلَی بَیَاضِهَا وَ إِنَّهُ دَخَلَ فِیهَا اسْمُ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمُ
📚Mujat al-Daawat, Page 317
Imam Ridha (peace be upon him) said: Whoever says
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِیِّ الْعَظِیمِ
'Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim La Hawla Wala Quwwata Illa Billah al-Ali al-Azim' one hundred times after the morning prayer, it is closer to the Greatest Divine Name than the blackness of the eye to its whiteness, and indeed the Greatest Divine Name is within it!
8⃣عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا علیه السلام قال : أَنَّهُ أُعْطِيَ بَلْعَمُ بْنُ بَاعُورَاءَ الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ، فَكَانَ يَدْعُو بِهِ فَيُسْتَجَابُ لَهُ فَمَالَ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ فِرْعَوْنُ فِي طَلَبِ مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِبَلْعَمَ ادْعُ اللَّهَ عَلَى مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابِهِ لِيَحْبِسَهُ عَلَيْنَا فَرَكِبَ حِمَارَتَهُ لِيَمُرَّ فِي طَلَبِ مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَامْتَنَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ حِمَارَتُهُ فَأَقْبَلَ يَضْرِبُهَا فَأَنْطَقَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ فَقَالَتْ وَيْلَكَ عَلَى مَا تَضْرِبُنِي أَ تُرِيدُ أَجِيءُ مَعَكَ لِتَدْعُوَ عَلَى مُوسَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ وَ قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَضْرِبُهَا حَتَّى قَتَلَهَا وَ انْسَلَخَ الِاسْمُ الْأَعْظَمُ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْها فَأَتْبَعَهُ الشَّيْطانُ فَكانَ مِنَ الْغاوِينَ وَ لَوْ شِئْنا لَرَفَعْناهُ بِها وَ لكِنَّهُ أَخْلَدَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَ اتَّبَعَ هَواهُ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ الْكَلْبِ إِنْ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْهِ يَلْهَثْ أَوْ تَتْرُكْهُ يَلْهَثْ وَ هُوَ مَثَلٌ ضَرَبَه
📚Tafsir Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Qummi, Volume 1, Page 248
Imam Ridha (peace be upon him) said: Verily, Bal'am bin Ba'ura was given the Greatest Divine Name, and he would pray with it and his prayers would be answered. But he inclined towards Pharaoh, and when Pharaoh sought to pursue Moses and his companions, Pharaoh asked Bal'am to pray to Allah to hold Moses and his companions back. Bal'am mounted his donkey to follow Moses and his companions, but the donkey refused to move. Bal'am began to beat the donkey, and Allah made the donkey speak, saying: 'Woe to you! Why do you beat me? Do you want me to go with you to curse Moses, a prophet of Allah, and the believers?' Bal'am continued to beat the donkey until it died. At that moment, the Greatest Divine Name was removed from his tongue, as mentioned in Surah Al-A'raf, Ayah 176: 'But he (Bal'am) inclined towards the earth and followed his desires. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him away, he pants, or if you leave him, he still pants.'
This is a parable given by Allah!
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9⃣عَنْ أَبِی بَصِیرٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ علیه السلام قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ یَقُولُ إِنَّ سَلْمَانَ عَلِمَ الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ
📚Al-Ikhtisas, Page 11
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Verily, Salman knew the Greatest Divine Name!
0⃣1⃣عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِی جَعْفَرٍ علیه السلام إِنِّی أَظُنُّ أَنَّ لِی عِنْدَکَ مَنْزَلَةً قَالَ أَجَلْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ لِی إِلَیْکَ حَاجَةً قَالَ وَ مَا هِیَ قُلْتُ تُعَلِّمُنِی الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ قَالَ وَ تُطِیقُهُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَادْخُلِ الْبَیْتَ قَالَ فَدَخَلَ الْبَیْتَ فَوَضَعَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ علیه السلام یَدَهُ عَلَی الْأَرْضِ فَأَظْلَمَ الْبَیْتُ فَأُرْعِدَتْ فَرَائِصُ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ أُعَلِّمُکَ فَقَالَ لَا قَالَ فَرَفَعَ یَدَهُ فَرَجَعَ الْبَیْتُ کَمَا کَانَ
📚Basair al-Darajat, Volume 1, Page 210
Umar bin Hanzala said: I told Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): I believe I have a special status with you. The Imam replied: Yes! I said: I have a request! He asked: What is it? I said: Teach me the Greatest Divine Name! He asked: Can you handle it? I said: Yes! He told me to enter the room. When I entered, the Imam placed his hand on the ground, and the room became dark and trembled. My body shook with fear. The Imam asked: (Now) do you want me to teach you the Greatest Divine Name? I said: No! Then the Imam removed his hand, and the room returned to its original state.
✅ According to the above narrations and others, the Greatest Divine Name consists of seventy-three letters. Prophets and their successors, based on their rank and status, knew a number of these letters, and a few individuals other than prophets and successors occasionally knew some of these letters.
Among the attributes of knowing these letters is that if one prays with them, the prayer will be answered.
The largest amount of these letters was with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the Imams (peace be upon them), consisting of seventy-two letters, while one letter remains with Allah and is unknown to anyone.
✅ The presence of the Greatest Divine Name in certain verses, prayers, and phrases, such as Surah al-Hamd and the phrase 'Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim La Hawla Wala Quwwata Illa Billah al-Ali al-Azim,' has been indicated, but this does not mean that we know exactly what it is. By reciting these, we can come closer to the Greatest Divine Name.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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