Question 1760: How is rejecting a suitor solely due to the inability to pay the desired dowry of the girl's family justified?
Answer: Please refer to the following narrations:
1⃣عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ كَتَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ فِي أَمْرِ بَنَاتِهِ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَجِدُ أَحَداً مِثْلَهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ فَهِمْتُ مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ أَمْرِ بَنَاتِكَ وَ أَنَّكَ لَا تَجِدُ أَحَداً مِثْلَكَ فَلَا تَنْظُرْ فِي ذَلِكَ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِذَا جَاءَكُمْ مَنْ تَرْضَوْنَ خُلُقَهُ وَ دِينَهُ فَزَوِّجُوهُ إِلَّا تَفْعَلُوهُ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ فَسادٌ كَبِيرٌ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 347:
Ali ibn Asbat wrote a letter to Imam Jawad (a.s) , regarding his daughter's affairs and the difficulty in finding a suitable match. The Imam responded: "What you mentioned about your daughters and the difficulty in finding someone like yourself, I understood it. May Allah have mercy on you! Do not act in this way because the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: 'If someone whose religion and morals you are pleased with comes to you, then marry (your daughter) to him. If you don't, it will lead to great corruption and mischief on earth.'"
2⃣عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِاللَّهِ فِي حَدِيثٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ مَا أَفَادَ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ فَائِدَةٍ أَضَرَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مَالٍ يُفِيدُهُ الْمَالُ أَضَرُّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذِئْبَيْنِ ضَارِيَيْنِ فِي غَنَمٍ قَدْ هَلَكَ رُعَاتُهَا وَاحِدٌ فِي أَوَّلِهَا وَ آخرٌ فِي آخِرِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ فَمَا ظَنُّكَ بِهِمَا قُلْتُ يُفْسِدَانِ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ إِنَّ أَيْسَرَ مَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ أَخُوهُ الْمُسْلِمُ فَيَقُولَ زَوِّجْنِي فَيَقُولَ لَيْسَ لَكَ مَالٌ
📚 Book Al-Mu'min, p. 55
Imam Sadiq (a.s) , in a narration to Ibrahim Taymi, said: "O Ibrahim! A believer gains no benefit that causes more harm than wealth. Wealth is like two predatory wolves falling into a flock where the shepherds have perished. One wolf is at the beginning of the flock, and the other at the end, causing more harm to him. Then the Imam said: 'What do you think about these two wolves?' I said: 'May Allah reform your affairs!' The Imam replied: 'You have spoken the truth! Verily, the least thing that enters (to harm the wealthy person) is when a Muslim brother comes to him and says: 'Marry your daughter to me for 500 silver coins,' but he does not marry his daughter to him. Surely, he has committed a severe injustice, and from the perspective of Allah, he has become deserving of not being given the Hur al-Ayn (the heavenly maidens).'"
3⃣عَنِ الْحُسَیْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَاالْحَسَنِ عَنْ مَهْرِ السُّنَّةِ کَیْفَ صَارَ خَمْسَمِائَةٍ؟ إلي أن قال ثُمَّ أَوْحَی اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَی نَبِیِّهِ أَنْ سُنَّ مُهُورَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِکَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ أَیُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ خَطَبَ إِلَی أَخِیهِ حُرْمَتَهُ فَقَالَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَمْ یُزَوِّجْهُ فَقَدْ عَقَّهُ وَ اسْتَحَقَّ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَلَّا یُزَوِّجَهُ حَوْرَاءَ.
📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 376:
Hussein ibn Khalid says: "I asked Imam Sadiq (a.s) , about the dowry in the Sunnah, how it became 500 dirhams?... To the extent that the Imam said: 'Then Allah sent revelation to His Prophet to set the dowry for the believing women at 500 dirhams. So the Messenger of Allah (a.s) and his family, did this, and every believer who proposes to marry the daughter of his fellow Muslim with a proposed dowry of 500 dirhams, but does not marry his daughter to him, he has certainly committed an injustice, and from the side of Allah, he has become deserving that the Hur al-Ayn (the heavenly maidens) will not be given to him.'"
✅ In light of the above narrations and those mentioned here and there, although negotiated dowries are permissible, the traditional dowry is 500 silver dirhams. A heavy dowry has been criticized, and the criterion for accepting a suitor has been determined as piety, morality, and trustworthiness. Anyone who rejects a suitor solely and explicitly because of the traditional dowry or the amount not being to his liking has fallen into financial turmoil and has become disobedient to his fellow Muslim. From the perspective of Allah, he has become deserving that the heavenly maidens (Hur al-Ayn) will not be given to him. This action leads to great turmoil and corruption in the land!
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر
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