✅Answer:

عَن عُمَر بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَن رَهْطٍ وَ هُمُ الْفُضَيْلُ و زُرَارَةُ و بُرَيْدٌ وَ مُحمَّد بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ كِلَيْهِمَا وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا أَنَّ صَلَاةَ كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ و الْقَمَرِ وَ الرَّجْفَةِ و الزَّلْزَلَةِ عَشْرُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ أَرْبَعُ سَجَدَاتٍ صَلَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ و النَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فِي كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ فَفَرَغَ حِينَ فَرَغَ و قَدِ انْجَلَى كُسُوفُهَا وَ رَوَوْا أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ في هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ كُلِّهَا سَوَاءٌ وَ أَشَدُّهَا وَ أَطْوَلُهَا كُسُوفُ الشَّمْسِ تَبْدَأُ فَتُكَبِّرُ بِافْتِتَاحِ الصَّلَاة ثُمَّ تَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَ سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَاب و سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الثَّانِيَةَ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ مِنَ الرُّكُوع فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَاب و سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الثَّالِثَةَ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ مِن الرُّكُوعِ فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَ سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الرَّابِعَةَ ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَك مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَتَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَاب و سُورَةً ثُمَّ تَرْكَعُ الْخَامِسَةَ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ قُلْتَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ- ثُمَّ تَخِرُّ سَاجداً فَتَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ تَقُومُ فَتَصْنَعُ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعْتَ في الْأُولَى قَال قُلْتُ: وَ إِنْ هُوَ قَرَأَ سُورَةً وَاحِدَةً فِي الْخَمْسِ رَكَعَاتٍ يُفَرِّقُهَا بَيْنَهَا قَال أَجْزَأَهُ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ فِي أَوَّلِ مَرَّةٍ فَإِنْ قَرَأَ خَمْس سُوَرٍ فَمَعَ كُلِّ سُورَةٍ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ و الْقُنُوتُ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ قَبْل الرُّكُوعِ إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِن الْقِرَاءَةِ ثُمَّ تَقْنُتُ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ مِثْل ذَلِك ثُمَّ فِي السَّادِسَةِ ثُمَّ فِي الثَّامِنَةِ ثُمَّ فِي الْعَاشِرَةِ

📚Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 3, p. 155

Translation: A group of the senior companions narrated from Imam Sadiq and Imam Baqir (peace be upon them) that they said: 'Indeed, the prayer of a solar eclipse, a lunar eclipse, a severe tremor, and an earthquake has ten bowings and four prostrations. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) performed it for a solar eclipse while the people were behind him, and when he finished the prayer, the eclipse had ended. And this group of companions narrated that the prayer for all these signs is the same, and the most severe and longest of them is the solar eclipse prayer. You begin the prayer with the takbir, then you recite Al-Hamd and a surah, and then you go into bowing. Then you raise your head from bowing and recite Al-Hamd and another surah, and you go into a second bowing. Then you raise your head from bowing and recite Al-Hamd and a surah, and you go into a third bowing. Then you raise your head from bowing and you recite Al-Hamd and a surah, and you go into a fourth bowing. And after raising your head from bowing, you recite Al-Hamd and a surah, and you go into a fifth bowing, and then you raise your head from bowing and say:

سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ

And then you go into prostration and perform two prostrations. Then you stand up and do everything you did in the first rak'ah in the second rak'ah as well. The narrator said: 'I said: 'What if one divides a single surah among the five bowings?' The Imam said: 'In that case, one recitation of Surah Al-Hamd at the beginning is sufficient for it, but if he recites a complete surah, a Al-Hamd must also be recited with each surah. And its qunut is before the second bowing and after the recitation, and similarly, the qunut is performed before the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth bowings.'

✅Other hadiths have also been narrated about the manner of Salat al-Ayat, but the above hadith is the most complete of them and explains the two famous methods of Salat al-Ayat, and the following points are evident in it:

1️⃣'Sami'a Allahu liman hamidah' is said only when raising the head from the fifth bowing and when raising the head from the tenth bowing, after which we go into prostration.

2️⃣There are 5 qunuts, which are recited before the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth bowings. In reality, two qunuts are recited in the first rak'ah and three qunuts are recited in the second rak'ah.

3️⃣If a surah is divided into five parts for each rak'ah, only one Al-Hamd is recited at the beginning, and all the surahs that can be recited in an obligatory prayer are not forbidden, and they do not have to be divided into five equal parts.

✅Ali ibn Ja'far said: 'I asked Imam Kadhim (peace be upon him): 'Are women who know the prayer responsible for what is on men, such as the supererogatory prayer, the night prayer, the supererogatory prayer of Dhuhr, and the eclipse prayer?' The Imam said: 'Yes.'

📚Qurb al-Isnad, p. 100

✅Given the prevalence of earthquakes and heavenly signs and the necessity of Salat al-Ayat for them, an effort should be made to spread this message and the previous message among the lovers of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), if Allah wills.

Manner of Salat al-Ayat