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Question 1500: What are the duties of a wife in her husband's house?

✅ Answer: Please consider the following narrations:

1⃣عن أَبي عبداللَّه عن أَبيه قال: تَقَاضَى عَلِيٌّ و فَاطِمَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِي الْخِدْمَةِ فَقَضَى عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ بِخِدْمَتِهَا مَا دُونَ الْبَابِ و قَضَى عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِمَا خَلْفَهُ قَالَ فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فَلَا يَعْلَمُ ما دَخَلَنِي مِنَ السُّرُورِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ بِإِكْفَائِي رَسُولُ اللَّه تَحَمُّلَ أَرْقَابِ الرِّجال

📚Qurb al-Issnad, p. 25

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Ali (peace be upon him) and Fatimah Zahra (peace be upon her) brought a case of service to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). He ruled that Fatimah (peace be upon her) should take care of the house and Ali (peace be upon him) should take care of matters outside the house.

Imam said: Then Fatimah (peace be upon her) said: No one but Allah knew how much joy and relief it brought me when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) relieved me from the burdens of men’s tasks!

2⃣عن هشام بن سالم عن أَبی عبداللَّه قال: کَانَ أَمِیرالْمُؤْمِنِینَ یَحْتَطِبُ وَ یَسْتَقِی وَ یَکْنُسُ وَ کَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ تَطْحَنُ و تَعْجِنُ و تَخْبِزُ

📚Al-Fiqh, Vol. 3, p. 169

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) would gather firewood, bring water, and sweep the house, while Fatimah (peace be upon her) would grind flour, make dough, and bake bread!

3⃣عن مُوسَی بْنِ بَکْرٍ عَنْ أَبِی إِبْرَاهِیمَ قال: جِهَادُ الْمَرْأَةِ حُسْنُ التَّبَعُّل

📚Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 507

Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) said: The jihad of a woman is to have good companionship and interaction with her husband and to obey him!

4⃣عن سيف عن نجم عن أَبِي جَعْفَر قال: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ضَمِنَتْ لِعَلِيٍ عَمَلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ الْعَجِينَ و الْخُبْزَ وَ قَمَّ الْبَيْتِ وَ ضَمِنَ لَهَا عَلِيٌّ مَا كَانَ خَلْفَ الْبَابِ نَقْلَ الْحَطَبِ وَ أَنْ يَجِيءَ بِالطَّعَام

📚Tafseer al-Ayashi, Vol. 1, p. 171

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: Indeed, Fatimah (peace be upon her) took care of the housework, made dough, baked bread, and cleaned the house for Ali (peace be upon him), while Imam Ali (peace be upon him) took care of tasks outside the home, such as bringing firewood and food for Fatimah (peace be upon her)!

5⃣عن الفضل بن شاذان عن الرضا قال: إِنَّمَا صَارَتِ الْحَائِضُ تَقْضِی الصِّیَامَ و لَا تَقْضِی الصَّلَاةَ لِعِلَلٍ شَتَّی مِنْهَا أَنَّ الصِّیَامَ لَا یَمْنَعُهَا مِنْ خِدْمَةِ نَفْسِهَا و خِدْمَةِ زَوْجِهَا و إِصْلَاحِ بَیْتِهَا وَ الْقِیَامِ بِأُمُورِهَا وَ الِاشْتِغَالِ بِمَرَمَّةِ مَعِیشَتِهَا وَ الصَّلَاةُ تَمْنَعُهَا مِنْ ذَلِکَ کُلِّهِ لِأَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَکُونُ فِی الْیَوْمِ وَ اللَّیْلَةِ مِرَاراً فَلَا تَقْوَی عَلَی ذَلِکَ وَ الصَّوْمُ لَیْسَ هُوَ کَذَلِک

📚Uyun Akhbar al-Ridha, Vol. 2, p. 117

Imam Ridha (peace be upon him) said: A menstruating woman must make up for her fasts for various reasons, but she does not make up her prayers, because fasting does not prevent her from taking care of herself, her husband, her household, and her life, but prayers do, as they occur multiple times a day, which can interfere with her daily tasks, while fasting does not!

6⃣عن أَبی خالد الکعبی عن أبی عبداللَّه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّه قال: أَیُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ رَفَعَتْ مِنْ بَیْتِ زَوْجِهَا شَیْئاً مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ إِلَی مَوْضِعٍ تُرِیدُ بِهِ صَلَاحاً نَظَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَیْهَا وَ مَنْ نَظَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَیْهِ لَمْ یُعَذِّبْهُ

📚Amali al-Saduq, p. 335, Hadith 7

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Every woman who moves something in her husband’s house with the intention of organizing or fixing it, Allah looks upon her, and whoever Allah looks upon will not be punished!

✅ Based on the above narrations, and the example set by Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and Fatimah Zahra (peace be upon her) and the rulings of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and the recommendations of the infallibles (peace be upon them), the responsibilities of a wife include taking care of the house, organizing household matters, having good companionship with the husband, serving the husband, and obeying him. It is clear that without fulfilling these duties, life becomes disordered and disrupted, and Allah has relieved the menstruating woman of the obligation to make up her prayers so that she can focus on her household responsibilities.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْر

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