Answer
✅ Answer: Please pay attention to the following narrations:
1 عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: لَيْسَ فِي السَّفَرِ جُمُعَةٌ وَ لَا أَضْحًى وَ لَا فِطْرٌ.
📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 443
Imam Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'In travel, there is no Friday prayer, no Eid al-Adha prayer, and no Eid al-Fitr prayer!'
2 عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قَالَ: إِنَّمَا صَلَاةُ الْعِيدَيْنِ عَلَى الْمُقِيمِ وَ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِإِمَامٍ.
📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 3, p. 287
Zurarah narrated from Imam Al-Baqir or Imam Al-Sadiq (peace be upon them) that he said: 'Indeed, the Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha prayers are the responsibility of a resident (not a traveler), and there is no prayer except with an Imam (i.e., in a congregation)!'
3 عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَ غَيْرِهَا هَلْ عَلَيْهِ صَلَاةُ الْعِيدَيْنِ الْفِطْرِ وَ الْأَضْحَى قَالَ نَعَمْ إِلَّا بِمِنًى يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ
📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 3, p. 288
Sa'd says: I asked Imam Al-Ridha (peace be upon him) about a traveler to Mecca and other places, whether the prayers of the two Eids, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, are obligatory upon him or not? The Imam said: 'Yes! Except in Mina on the day of Eid al-Adha!'
✅ Based on the above narrations and others, participation in the Friday prayer, Eid al-Fitr prayer, and Eid al-Adha prayer is not obligatory for a traveler, but if he wishes, he can participate in the congregational prayer of these three Eids.
اللَّهُمَّ فَصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ