✅ Answer: Consider the following narrations:

1 عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَقَدْ بَانَتْ منه وَ تَتَزَوَّجُ إِنْ شَاءَتْ مِنْ سَاعَتِهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ فَرَضَ لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَرَضَ لَهَا مَهْراً فَلْيُمَتِّعْهَا.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 106

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: If a man divorces his wife before consummation, she becomes irrevocably divorced (bain) from him, and if she wishes, she can remarry immediately. If a dowry was specified for her, half of the dowry belongs to her, and if no dowry was specified, he must provide her with some benefit!

2 عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّه عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ هَلَكَ زَوْجُهَا وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا قَالَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ كَامِلَةً وَ إِنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَهَا نِصْفُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهَا.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 120

Ubayd ibn Zurara says: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a woman whose husband dies before consummation; the Imam said: She is entitled to inheritance, must observe the full waiting period (iddah of death), and if a dowry was specified for her, half of it belongs to her. If no dowry was specified, she receives nothing!

3 عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ قَالَ: فِي الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا إِنَّ لَهَا نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثَ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةَ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 6, p. 118

Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said regarding a woman whose husband dies before consummation: Half of the dowry and inheritance belong to her, and she must observe the waiting period (of death)!

4 عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ جَارِيَةً أَوْ تَمَتَّعَ بِهَا ثُمَّ جَعَلَتْهُ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا فِي حِلٍّ أَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا جَعَلَتْهُ فِي حِلٍّ فَقَدْ قَبَضَتْهُ مِنْهُ فإِنْ خَلَّاهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا رَدَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى الزَّوْجِ نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 7, p. 374

Sama’ah says: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a man who marries a girl or enters into a temporary marriage (mut’ah) and the woman waives her dowry (releases the man from the obligation of paying it). Can he consummate the marriage before giving her anything? He said: Yes! When the woman waives the dowry, it is as if she has received it. If he divorces her before consummation, she must return half of the dowry!

5 عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَبَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَيْهَا فَرَدَّتْهَا عَلَيْهِ وَ وَهَبَتْهَا لَهُ وَ قَالَتْ أَنَا فِيكَ أَرْغَبُ مِنِّي فِي هَذَا الْأَلْفِ هِيَ لَكَ فقبلها مِنْهَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ لَا شَيْءَ لَهَا وَ تَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ.

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 7, p. 374

Shahab says: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a man who marries a woman with a dowry of a thousand dirhams, sends it to her, and she returns it, gifting it to him, saying: I desire you more than this thousand dirhams, so keep it. The man accepts it and divorces her before consummation. The Imam said: She gets nothing, and she must return 500 dirhams to the man!

✅ Based on the above narrations and others, if a man divorces his wife before consummation, and a dowry was specified for her, he must pay her half of the dowry.

✅ If the woman waives her dowry to her husband, as it is considered equivalent to receiving the dowry, if he divorces her before consummation, she must return half of the specified dowry to him!

✅ Additionally, if the husband dies before consummation, the woman is entitled to half of the specified dowry along with inheritance, and she must observe the full waiting period of death.

✅ Also, refer to verse 237 of Surah Al-Baqarah.

اللَّهُمَّ فَصَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ