✅ Answer:

Please pay attention to the following narrations:

1 مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَر يَقُولُ لَا يَضُرُّ الصَّائِمَ مَا صَنَعَ إِذَا اجْتَنَبَ ثَلَاثَ [اربع] خِصَالٍ الطَّعَامَ وَ الشَّرَابَ وَ النِّسَاءَ وَ الِارْتِمَاسَ فِي الْمَاء

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 189

Muhammad ibn Muslim said: 'I heard Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) say: 'If a fasting person refrains from three (four) things, then whatever he does will not harm him: eating, drinking, women, and submerging in water.'

2 أَحْمَد بن أَبِي عَبْداللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: خَمْسَةُ أَشْيَاءَ تُفَطِّرُ الصَّائِمَ الْأَكْلُ وَ الشُّرْبُ وَ الْجِمَاعُ وَ الِارْتِمَاسُ فِي الْمَاءِ وَ الْكَذِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ

📚 Al-Khisal, p. 286, hadith 39

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'Five things break and invalidate the fast: eating, drinking, sexual intercourse, submerging in water, and intentionally lying about Allah and His Messenger and the Imams (peace be upon them).'

3 أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: الصَّائِمُ يَدَّهِنُ بِالطِّيبِ وَ يَشَمُّ الرَّيْحَان

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 265

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: 'A fasting person uses fragrant oil and smells fragrant flowers and plants!'

4 عَنْ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ مَامون وَ كَانَتْ بِنْتُهُ تَحْتَ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: تُحْفَةُ الصَّائِمِ أَنْ يَدْهُنَ لِحْيَتَهُ وَ يُجَمِّرَ ثَوْبَهُ وَ تُحْفَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ الصَّائِمَةِ أَنْ تَمْشُطَ رَأْسَهَا وَ تُجَمِّرَ ثَوْبَهَا وَ كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ إِذَا صَامَ يَتَطَيَّبُ بالطيب وَ يَقُولُ الطِّيبُ تُحْفَةُ الصَّائِم

📚 Al-Khisal, p. 61, hadith 86

Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba (peace be upon him) said: 'The gift of a fasting man is to anoint his beard with (fragrant) oil and to fumigate his clothes with fragrant incense (like frankincense, etc.).'

And the gift of a fasting woman is to comb her hair and to fumigate her clothes with fragrant incense (like frankincense, etc.). And Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) would use perfume and a pleasant scent when he was fasting, and he would say: 'Perfume and a pleasant scent are the gift of a fasting person!'

5 وَ كَانَ الصَّادِقُ إِذَا صَامَ لَا يَشَمُّ الرَّيْحَانَ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَخْلِطَ صَوْمِي بِلَذَّةٍ.

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 114

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) would not smell fragrant plants when he was fasting! He was asked about this. He said: 'I dislike mixing pleasure with my fast!'

6 عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِد قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّه الصَّائِمُ يَشَمُّ الرَّيْحَانَ قَالَ لَا لِأَنَّهُ لَذَّةٌ وَ يُكْرَهُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَلَذَّذَ.

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 113

Hasan said: 'I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'Does a fasting person smell fragrant flowers and plants?' He said: 'No, because it is a pleasure, and it is disliked for him to seek pleasure (while fasting)!'

7 سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْد قال كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ هَلْ يَشَمُّ الصَّائِمُ الرَّيْحَانَ يَتَلَذَّذُ بِهِ فقال لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ

📚 Al-Tahdhib, Vol. 4, p. 266

Sa'd said: 'A man wrote to Imam Kadhim (peace be upon him): 'Should a fasting person smell fragrant flowers and plants and take pleasure in their scent?' He said: 'There is no problem!'

8 ابن رئاب قَال سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْداللَّه علیه السلام یَنْهَی عَنِ النَّرْجِسِ لِلصَّائِمِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاکَ وَ لِمَ قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ رَیْحَانُ الْأَعَاجِم

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 114

Ibn Ri'ab said: 'I heard Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) forbidding a fasting person from (smelling) narcissus flowers!' I said: 'May I be sacrificed for you! Why?' He said: 'Because narcissus is the flower of the non-Arabs!'

✅ The most important things that break the fast are mentioned in the first two narrations. Although there are other things as well, which are mentioned in other narrations and are included in these, and there are also things that are avoided during fasting according to the principle of caution, the point is that the things that break the fast are limited, and nothing other than what is mentioned in the narrations breaks the fast. This includes coloring with henna and other things, applying ointment and cream to a wound and the body, and rubbing oil on the body; these are not among the things that break the fast.

✅ Regarding smelling fragrant plants, in some narrations, including narrations 5 and 6, and narcissus flowers specifically in narration 8, it is forbidden for a fasting person, but in other narrations like 3 and 7, permission for it has been received, and it remains in the realm of being disliked, and therefore it does not break the fast.