✅Answer:

1 محمدبنِ مسلم عن أَبِي جعفر قال: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ لَيْسَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 152

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: The Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: It is not for a woman to observe a voluntary (supererogatory) fast except with the permission of her husband!

2 عن أَبي عبداللَّه قال: لَا يَصْلُحُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 151

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: It is not proper for a woman to observe a voluntary fast except with the permission of her husband!

3 محمدبنِ مسلم عن أَبِي جَعْفَر قال: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّه مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ أَنْ تُطِيعَهُ و لَا تَعْصِيَهُ و لَا تَصَدَّقَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لَا تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ و لَا تَمْنَعَهُ نَفْسَهَا و إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَتَبٍ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 5, p. 506

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) and said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the right of a husband over his wife? He said:

That she obeys him

And does not disobey him

And does not give charity from his house except with his permission

And does not observe a voluntary fast except with his permission

And does not deny herself to him even if she is on the back of a saddle!

4 عمرو بن جُبَيْر الْعَزْرَمِي عن أَبِي عبداللَّه قال: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ هُوَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ أَخْبِرْنِي بِشَيْ ءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَصُومَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ

📚 Al-Kafi, Vol. 4, p. 152

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) and said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the right of a husband over his wife? He said: It is more than these!

She said: Inform me of some of it!

He said: A woman has no right to fast (voluntarily) without his permission!

5 الزُّهْري عَنْ عَلِي بن الْحُسَيْن قال: وَ أَمَّا صَوْمُ الْإِذْنِ فَإِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَا تَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا وَ الْعَبْدَ لَا يَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ سَيِّدِهِ وَ الضَّيْفَ لَا يَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَلَا يَصُومَنَّ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِمْ

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 77

Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said: As for the days requiring permission, they are: A woman does not observe a voluntary fast except with the permission of her husband, and a slave does not observe a voluntary fast except with the permission of his master, and a guest does not observe a voluntary fast except with the permission of his host!

And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: The one who alights upon a people should never observe a voluntary fast except with their permission!

6 هشام بن الْحَكَم عن أَبِي عَبْداللَّه قَال: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّه مِنْ فِقْهِ الضَّيْفِ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ و مِنْ طَاعَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ لِزَوْجِهَا أَنْ لَا تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ و أَمْرِهِ وَ مِنْ صَلَاحِ الْعَبْدِ و طَاعَتِهِ و نَصِيحَتِهِ لِمَوْلَاهُ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ مَوْلَاهُ وَ أَمْرِهِ وَ مِنْ بِرِّ الْوَلَدِ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ أَبَوَيْهِ وَ أَمْرِهِمَا وَ إِلَّا كَانَ الضَّيْفُ جَاهِلًا وَ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَاصِيَةً وَ كَانَ الْعَبْدُ فَاسِداً عَاصِياً وَ كَانَ الْوَلَدُ عَاقّاً

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 155

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: It is from the jurisprudence of a guest that he does not observe a voluntary fast without the permission of the host, and it is from the obedience of a woman to her husband that she does not observe a voluntary fast without his permission and command, and it is from the righteousness of a slave and his obedience and goodwill towards his master that he does not observe a voluntary fast except with the permission and command of his master, and it is from the goodness of a child that he does not observe a voluntary fast except with the permission of his father and mother and their command!

Otherwise, the guest is ignorant, the woman is disobedient, the slave is corrupt and disobedient, and the child is undutiful!

7️⃣ The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said in his will to Ali (peace be upon him): O Ali! A woman does not observe a voluntary fast without the permission of her husband, and a slave does not observe a voluntary fast without the permission of his master, and a guest does not observe a voluntary fast except with the permission of his host!

📚 Al-Faqih, Vol. 4, p. 367

✅ It is clear that a woman observing a voluntary fast without her husband's permission has no place in the narrations.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَی مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ

وَ عَجِّلْ لِوَلِیِّکَ الْفَرَجَ وَ الْعَافِیَةَ وَ النَّصْرَ